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The foundation of French universities: the long posterity of the Napoleonic order

In: Handbook on Higher Education Management and Governance

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  • Emmanuelle Picard

Abstract

Following the suppression of universities by the revolutionary government, Napoleon I established a centralized university system, based on faculties and subject to strict political and administrative control. The academic profession was organized according to national rules and procedures, steered by central bodies attached to the ministry. In this context, its empowerment and professionalization are late and remain marked by a specific mode of organization. The management bodies of academics have always been organized according to a vertical logic (the reference community is absolutely the discipline and its Parisian bodies) which prevents the creation of horizontal groups within universities.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuelle Picard, 2023. "The foundation of French universities: the long posterity of the Napoleonic order," Chapters, in: Alberto Amaral & António Magalhães (ed.), Handbook on Higher Education Management and Governance, chapter 6, pages 88-95, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:elg:eechap:20796_6
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    File URL: https://www.elgaronline.com/doi/10.4337/9781800888074.00016
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