Theories of the policy process

This chapter provides an overview of general theoretical approaches to the policy process, and discusses how they may help to describe and interpret processes in the media and communication field. The six approaches discussed are: punctuated equilibrium theory, advocacy coalition framework, veto player theory, multiple streams approach, narrative policy framework and the media policy field approach. None of these approaches is a ‘silver bullet’, but they provide a useful variety of analytical tools and explanatory models, and many can also be combined. Although media policy processes have distinct traits compared to other areas, general theories are still appropriate for their analysis. Engaging with holistic theories that aim to explain change at an overall level may help to advance media policy research. Moving beyond particular policy areas and subfields will increase the understanding of political, cultural and technological change in media and communication policy.