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Set analysis

In: Qualitative Comparative Analysis

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Abstract

Because each case is unique and social reality is heterogeneous, it is unrealistic to take perfectly consistent set relationships as a benchmark in QCA. Because social reality is an open system where multiple causal powers are always simultaneously at work, there will always be contradictory cases - cases that contradict the logical proposition: if X, then Y. QCA has developed parameters of fit - viz., consistency and coverage - to help researchers interpret the empirical validity of set relationships. At the same time, there is a crucial distinction between mathematical and substantive sufficiency. Finding the former does not amount to the latter. However, consistency and coverage mean something different in crisp and fuzzy sets. Because of this, fuzzy sets may produce spurious set relationships. QCA has developed the proportional reduction in inconsistency (PRI) and relevance of necessity (RoN) to account for this.

Suggested Citation

  • ., 2024. "Set analysis," Chapters, in: Qualitative Comparative Analysis, chapter 7, pages 80-105, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:elg:eechap:19631_7
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    File URL: https://www.elgaronline.com/doi/10.4337/9781839104527.00012
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