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The emergence of complexity theories: an outline

In: Handbook on Cities and Complexity

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  • Hermann Haken

Abstract

This paper deals with the following topics: How to define complexity? What is a complex system? What is the aim of a complexity theory? Reduction or generation of complexity by unifying approaches? Physics as a prototype of a science. Mechanics/dynamical systems theory and thermodynamics: energy and entropy. Order out of chaos. Schrödinger´s “negative entropy” and Prigogine´s dissipative structures. The light source LASER: a paradigm of selforganization. Pattern formation in nonequilibrium systems. Synergetics as science of selforganization. Bottom up and top down approaches. Game theory-rational decision making. The role of analogies when dealing with complex systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Hermann Haken, 2021. "The emergence of complexity theories: an outline," Chapters, in: Juval Portugali (ed.), Handbook on Cities and Complexity, chapter 2, pages 28-47, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:elg:eechap:18907_2
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