Theoretical basis of security in the XXI century

The place and role of the security phenomenon in the scientific discourse are studied. Approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of "security" are identified. The stages of evolution of the security concept in the 17th-20th centuries are analyzed. Security paradigms (traditional security paradigm, sectoral security paradigm, human security paradigm, integrated security paradigm) are identified. The types of security in the 21st century are identified and it is substantiated that the variability of types of security is primarily associated with its subject-object structure. Analytical security levels are proposed. It is substantiated that, despite the complexity, interdisciplinarity and multidimensionality of the modern concept of security, the defining place in it is still occupied by the concept of national security. It is substantiated that at the present stage of development of theory and practice, national security is considered as a prerequisite and indicator of the socio-economic development of the state, its competitiveness. Approaches to understanding the concept of "national security" are considered and the author's approach to understanding the essence of this term is proposed. The components of national security are identified and it is substantiated that the significance and role of different components of security differ significantly from one group of countries to another, which is dictated by the achieved level of socio-economic development, the geo-economic and geopolitical potential of countries' influence, and their national interests. The essence of the concept of "public administration in the field of security" is revealed. The variability of models for ensuring the security of states and their features are identified. Based on the analysis of the Global Risks Reports, the global threats to national security in the 21st century are systematized and analyzed, the vector of their transformation, the time lag of manifestation and the degree of influence are determined.