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Umfassende Steuerhoheit der österreichischen Bundesländer

Author

Listed:
  • Hans Pitlik

    (WIFO)

  • Michael Klien
  • Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger
  • Christina Seyfried

    (WIFO)

Abstract

Österreichs Föderalismus weist eine stark zentralistische Struktur auf, insbesondere bezüglich der Verteilung der Besteuerungsrechte zwischen Bund, Ländern und Gemeinden. Über 90% der Steuererträge werden in Form gemeinschaftlicher Bundesabgaben eingehoben und auf der Basis von im Finanzausgleichsgesetz fixierten Schlüsseln als Ertragsanteile verteilt. Dieses Finanzierungsschema verletzt in besonderem Maße das Prinzip der institutionellen Kongruenz. Die Studie untersucht vor diesem Hintergrund die Vor- und Nachteile einer umfassenden Steuerautonomie der Bundesländer und diskutiert Reformoptionen. Auf der Basis eines ausführlichen Überblicks über die theoretische und empirische Literatur entwickelt die Studie einen Kriterienkatalog und prüft Optionen höherer Ländersteuerautonomie. Anhand regional differenzierter Daten der Steuerstatistiken wird simuliert, welche statischen Aufkommenseffekte die Ausweitung der Steuerautonomie im Bereich der Lohn- und Einkommensteuer, der Körperschaftsteuer und der motorbezogenen Versicherungssteuer auf das länderspezifische Steueraufkommen hätte. Eine höhere Steuerautonomie der Länder weist demnach im Bereich der Lohn- und Einkommensteuer und der motorbezogenen Versicherungssteuer nicht nur theoretische Vorzüge auf, sondern kann auch ohne große Verwerfungen in das Finanzausgleichssystem integriert werden, wenn sie durch geeignete horizontale Finanzausgleichsmechanismen ergänzt wird. Im Bereich der Körperschaftsteuer würde eine Länderautonomie dagegen mit relativ starken Friktionen gegenüber dem gegenwärtigen System einhergehen.

Suggested Citation

  • Hans Pitlik & Michael Klien & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger & Christina Seyfried, 2015. "Umfassende Steuerhoheit der österreichischen Bundesländer," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58545, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:58545
    Note: With English abstract.
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Michael Klien, 2016. "Simulationsergebnisse zu ausgewählten Optionen für eine Ausweitung der Steuerautonomie der Bundesländer," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(6), pages 437-450, June.
    2. Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2016. "Technik und Kriterien für eine Stärkung der Steuerautonomie der österreichischen Bundesländer," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(6), pages 411-422, June.
    3. Hans Pitlik & Michael Klien & Simon Loretz, 2018. "Ausgabendynamik in den Budgets der Gebietskörperschaften im Lichte einer aufgabenorientierten vertikalen Finanzmittelverteilung," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 61535.
    4. Wifo, 2016. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 6/2016," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(6), June.
    5. Hans Pitlik & Michael Klien & Margit Schratzenstaller-Altzinger, 2016. "Steuerautonomie der österreichischen Bundesländer. Editorial," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(6), pages 409-410, June.
    6. Michael Klien & Hans Pitlik & Matthias Firgo & Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger, 2020. "Ein Modell für einen strukturierten vertikalen Finanzausgleich in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 65854.

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