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Los desequilibrios territoriales en Colombia. Estudios sobre el sistema de ciudades y el polimetropolitanismo

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  • Oscar A. Alfonso Roa

Abstract

Colombia es un país de regiones metropolitanas. Si a cada región que es habitada por una población le es inmanente un gobierno, las formas de ocupación territorial por la población y las actividades humanas deberían contar con la forma de gobierno más pertinente. Por tanto, un nuevo modelo territorial de Estado tendrá que organizarse en torno a gobiernos metropolitanos cuyas funciones de alcance supralocal se construirían con base en las que ya poseen las jurisdicciones involucradas en el polimetropolitanismo. Pero, ¿qué es el polimetropolitanismo? Es la forma dominante de la urbanización de la población compuesta, en el caso de Colombia, por nueve metrópolis cuya influencia poblacional y económica se extiende hasta ahora a cincuenta y seis municipios circunvecinos y, en un futuro no muy lejano, harán parte de siete megalópolis, puesto que las tres metrópolis del Eje Cafetero se habrán consolidado en una única megalópolis policéntrica. El polimetropolitanismo se halla a la cabeza del sistema colombiano de ciudades, organizado jerárquicamente tanto por los factores de demanda –el tamaño de la población– como por los de oferta –las funciones diferenciadoras de alcance supralocal acumuladas en sus jurisdicciones–. Una geopolítica avasalladora con el resto del país se puede erigir sobre la base del polimetropolitanismo, pues en el momento en que algún poder político se torne dominante en él, también dominará el resto del país. Es por ello que las burguesías nacionales se disputan el control de las metrópolis, mientras que el control de la periferia, con el empleo de la violencia, está en manos de otros poderes ilegítimos, mientras que el campesinado está aislado al no contar con representación política en el espacio público, como tampoco tienen interés en contener con beligerancia a los violentos.

Suggested Citation

  • Oscar A. Alfonso Roa, 2014. "Los desequilibrios territoriales en Colombia. Estudios sobre el sistema de ciudades y el polimetropolitanismo," Books, Universidad Externado de Colombia, Facultad de Economía, edition 1, volume 1, number 67, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:ext:public:67
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    References listed on IDEAS

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