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Macroeconomía para el desarrollo: políticas anticíclicas y transformación productiva

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  • Ocampo, José Antonio

Abstract

En este ensayo se argumenta que la clave de una acertada macroeconomía para el desarrollo es la combinación de buenas políticas anticíclicas con una estrategia activa de diversificación productiva, dos conceptos que tienen profundas raíces en el pensamiento de la cepal. La política anticíclica debe enfrentar los retos que implican los agudos ciclos de financiamiento externo y las acentuadas fluctuaciones de los precios de productos básicos. La política fiscal es fundamental, pero debe estar acompañada de una política monetaria y cambiaria igualmente anticíclica. A la luz de la experiencia del último decenio, ello parece posible con regímenes cambiarios intermedios en conjunto con políticas macroprudenciales, que incluyen regulaciones a los flujos de capital. A su vez, la estrategia de desarrollo productivo debe fomentar las actividades innovadoras que generan encadenamientos productivos. La innovación debe entenderse en un sentido amplio, pero su prueba decisiva es la capacidad de acumular capacidades tecnológicas.
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Suggested Citation

  • Ocampo, José Antonio, 2013. "Macroeconomía para el desarrollo: políticas anticíclicas y transformación productiva," Libros y Documentos Institucionales, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 3104.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col016:3104
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    File URL: http://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/3104
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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Salama, 2012. "Una globalización comercial acompañada de una nueva distribución cartográfica," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, vol. 14(27), pages 57-80, July-Dece.
    2. -, 2014. "Mudança estrutural para a igualdade: uma visão integrada do desenvolvimento," Colección "La hora de la Igualdad", Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 37939 edited by Cepal, September.
    3. Cimoli, Mario & Fleitas, Sebastian & Porcile, Gabriel, 2011. "Real Exchange Rate and the Structure of Exports," MPRA Paper 37846, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Claudio Roberto Amitrano, 2017. "Income Distribution, Productive Structure and Growth in South America," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 64(2), pages 139-168, March.
    5. Malagon Jonathan & Orbegozo Camila, 2019. "The New Drivers of Fear of Floating: Evidence from Latin America," Journal of Globalization and Development, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-17, June.
    6. Ricardo Chica & Oscar Guevara & Diana López & Daniel Osorio, 2012. "Growth determinants in Latin America and East Asia: has globalization changed the engines of growth?," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, June.
    7. Fabrício Misso & Ricardo Araújo Azevedo & Frederico Jayme Jr, 2013. "An extended structural economic dynamics approach to balance-of-payments constrained growth: level of the real exchange rate and endogenous elasticities," Textos para Discussão Cedeplar-UFMG 499, Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
    8. Ffrench-Davis, Ricardo, 2015. "Neoestructuralismo y macroeconomía para el desarrollo," Libros de la CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 39629, May.
    9. Ricardo Ffrench-Davis, 2012. "Empleo y estabilidad macroeconómica real: El rol de los flujos financieros en América Latina," Working Papers wp349, University of Chile, Department of Economics.

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