Management de portefeuilles de projets : modèles multicritère d'évaluation, de sélection et d'argumentation

Project portfolio management (PPM) involves the use of methods and tools, allowing an organization to plan, evaluate, analyze and screen the execution of a set of projects or project proposals, sharing common resources or aiming at the attainment of common objectives. Multicriteria decision aid models are useful tools to support this process, given their ability to accurately model preferences, and rationally agregate points of view. However, existing models present some lacks that limit their use outside of academic circles : (i) They neglect the non-symetrical nature of the importance of some criteria that are relevant in PPM. (ii) The black box effect makes it hard to use them for the argumentation of decisions and to gain their acceptance by users (iii) They are implicitly fitted for private/for-profit projects, which limits their use in public organizations. In this thesis, our contribution consists in proposing two multicriteria methods for supporting the activities of evaluating, selecting and arguing decision, for project portfolio management. We propose: (i) An analysis of the specific features of public and private projects and their consequences for decision support (ii) A framework that allows an independent modeling of the abilities of a criterion to oppose and convince (iii) Two transparent multicriteria agregation procedures, fitted for different decision contexts. We ensure the theoretical validity of our approaches and illustrate their applicability on real data, with satisfying results