Cyber Security Analysis of Smart Buildings from a Cyber Security Architecture Point of View

Nowadays, the smart city concept is gaining ground worldwide, driven by the development of information technology and IoT devices. As a result, smart buildings are built to provide more efficient, environmentally friendly, comfortable and automated features. The industry of building automation dates back nearly a hundred years. However, with the development of information technology, the size of built-in IT devices is shrinking year by year, and the amount of information generated by individual sensors, IT devices and by the people working in these buildings is fast increasing. Consequently, IT systems in intelligent buildings need to be adequately designed considering several aspects. Cyber security is one of these aspects, and it is the subject of the present research. A poorly designed and protected IT system with many Internet of Things elements creates a massive exposure to cyberattacks and hackers. After all, these systems may include the entire network IT structure, the elevator control and access control systems, the building’s HVAC system, or even the parking lot system. In summary, the examination of primary cyber security factors and standards should be considered when designing a smart building.