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Water Salinization In Iraq And Some Suggested Solutions

Author

Listed:
  • Rama T. Rashad

    (Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Area code: 12112, P.O. Box: 175 El-Orman, Egypt)

  • Ahmed A.N.A

    (Al Karkh University of Science, Baghdad, Iraq.)

  • Ahmed

    (Al Karkh University of Science, Baghdad, Iraq)

Abstract

The salinity status in the Iraq needs a continuous assessment because it is continuously changing due to many factors. This article highlights the problem in the country and aims to assess the increasing salinization of some water resources. It suggests some recommendations for optimizing the beneficial utilization of this phenomenon. Experimentally, water samples were collected from 1242 site in the Iraq country and chemically analyzed to estimate the salinity parameters and indices for the agricultural suitability including the sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and the permeability index (PI). The analysis results have indicated wide variations in the pH, EC, TDS and types of soluble ions for the estimated resources. The general trend of TDS and EC as parameters of water salinization for some governorates may indicate the presence of some organic contaminants. The TDS approximately equalled the EC in Karbala, Ninewa and Thi-Qar. The sequence of the predominating ions was Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ and NO3‒a> SO42‒ > Cl‒ > HCO3‒, respectively for the governorates Anbar, Babylon, Baghdad, and Basrah. The predominance of some types of cations and/or anions may be related to environmental, geological, and human practices factors. Many samples can be suitable for irrigation and agricultural use with good Na% (20-40%), acceptable Mg% (

Suggested Citation

  • Rama T. Rashad & Ahmed A.N.A & Ahmed, 2022. "Water Salinization In Iraq And Some Suggested Solutions," Water Conservation & Management (WCM), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 6(2), pages 137-145, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:zib:zbnwcm:v:6:y:2022:i:2:p:137-145
    DOI: 10.26480/wcm.02.2022.137.145
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fetouani, S. & Sbaa, M. & Vanclooster, M. & Bendra, B., 2008. "Assessing ground water quality in the irrigated plain of Triffa (north-east Morocco)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(2), pages 133-142, February.
    2. Hill, Christine M., 2004. "Economic benefit and costs of tree planting for salinity control," 2004 Conference (48th), February 11-13, 2004, Melbourne, Australia 58706, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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