Design And Production Of Lead Rubber Bearings For Earthquake Absorbers

Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) is a passive type of base isolation that can be used as a damper for earthquake vibrations on bridges and buildings. The components that make up the LRB are several layers of rubber laminated to steel plates to increase vertical rigidity. LRB is also reinforced with lead cores to dissipate earthquake energy that enters the bridge structure or buildings. This paper will explain the design and production of LRB and test the results of the analysis. In this design, the properties of the materials used in the LRB are explained, the function of each material, the relationship between the design and the need to absorb earthquake loads on bridge structures or buildings. It also explains the determination of elastomeric thickness and number of layers, size of insulator, elastomer thickness and number of layers, number of rubber layers, total height, vertical and horizontal stability checks. The production method is very important to get a quality LRB product. Production starts from material selection, vulcanization process and quality control. The research was carried out successfully by studying the literature and technical analysis by carrying out several simulations with various dimensions to get better performance. Several developments were made to get better LRB performance. The damping of structures without base isolation is generally +/- 5%. For the need for good performance against earthquake loads, the attenuation can be increased to 20–30%. This is very useful for reducing earthquake loads, when a decrease in building acceleration cannot be obtained in tall buildings with base isolation. Likewise with the dimensions of the lead core. This research is still limited to theoretical analysis and prototyping, because no experiments have been carried out in the laboratory or applied to a construction project