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Internationalisierung von Dienstleistungen

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  • Lichtblau, Karl

Abstract

Im Welthandel sind Dienstleistungen mit einem Anteil von knapp 20 Prozent vertreten, doch zur Weltproduktion steuern sie 67 Prozent bei. In der Produktion ist die Tertiarisierung somit wesentlich weiter fortgeschritten als in der internationalen Arbeitsteilung. Die These, dass sich die Dienstleistungen als überwiegend binnenorientierte Branchen nicht internationalisieren können, trifft jedoch keinesfalls uneingeschränkt zu. Zum einen hat im Beobachtungszeitraum 1985/98 der Außenhandel mit Dienstleistungen stärker zugelegt als der mit Waren. Zum anderen reichen die unmittelbaren Ausfuhren von Dienstleistungen bei weitem nicht aus, um die Bedeutung des Servicesektors für die internationale Arbeitsteilung darzustellen. Berücksichtigt werden müssen zum einen die indirekten Ausfuhren von Dienstleistungen, die in den Exporten der Industrie als Vorleistungen enthalten sind. Zum anderen muss in Rechnung gestellt werden, dass sich Dienstleistungsanbieter auch über Auslandsinvestitionen internationalisieren. Für amerikanische Unternehmen ist der Dienstleistungsumsatz von Tochterunternehmen im Ausland bereits gewichtiger als die unmittelbare Ausfuhr von Serviceprodukten. Größtes Gewicht auf den Weltdienstleistungsmärkten haben die USA. Deutschland belegt nach Großbritannien und Frankreich die vierte Position im internationalen Ranking. Nachholbedarf hat Deutschland vor allem im Bereich der unternehmens- und wissensnahen Dienstleistungen.

Suggested Citation

  • Lichtblau, Karl, 2000. "Internationalisierung von Dienstleistungen," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 27(1), pages 61-72.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:iwktre:156775
    DOI: 10.2373/1864-810X.00-01-04
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    1. Klodt, Henning & Maurer, Rainer & Schimmelpfennig, Axel, 1997. "Tertiarisierung in der deutschen Wirtschaft," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 959, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    2. Jagdish N. Bhagwati, 1984. "Splintering and Disembodiment of Services and Developing Nations," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 7(2), pages 133-144, June.
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    1. Antalóczy, Katalin & Éltető, Andrea, 2002. "Magyar vállalatok nemzetköziesedése - indítékok, hatások és problémák [The internationalization of Hungarian companies - motives, effects and problems]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 158-172.
    2. Römer, Christof, 2003. "Deutsch-amerikanische Wirtschaftsverflechtungen," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 30(3), pages 20-29.
    3. Lesch, Hagen, 2003. "Europäische Währungsunion und Lohnsenkungswettbewerb," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 30(2), pages 15-25.

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