IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wsi/wepxxx/v08y2022i03ns2382624x22400094.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Impact of Flooding on Education of Children and Adolescents: Evidence from Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Riaz Ahmed

    (University of Turbat, M8 Road Ginnah, Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan)

  • Waseem Barkat

    (University of Turbat, M8 Road Ginnah, Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan)

  • Adeel Ahmed

    (University of Turbat, M8 Road Ginnah, Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Tahir

    (University of Turbat, M8 Road Ginnah, Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Majid Nasir

    (University of Turbat, M8 Road Ginnah, Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan)

Abstract

This study traces short- to long-term adverse effects of the colossal flood 2010 on educational outcomes of children and adolescents (age 5–16 years) in the flooded districts of Pakistan. Taking advantage of the flood — a type of quasi-natural experimental research design we utilized a difference-in-differences (DID) approach with inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs) to estimate the impact of the flood on educational outcomes by using a household surveys’ dataset (six waves). We compare educational outcomes out-of-school or dropout from school of — children and adolescents in the flooded households with the educational outcomes of individuals of same age groups in the non-flooded households before, during and after the flood. Our findings reveal that, on an average, 39 out of 1000 children and adolescents in the flooded districts, compared with their counterparts in the non-flooded districts, were not admitted in any educational institutions and 16 of them dropped out from schools during the flood. The effect of flood on education of children and adolescents, then, disappeared after 2–4 years after the flood. The education outcomes of children and adolescents in flooded households in rural areas compared with their peers in non-flooded districts were severely affected by the flood. Mirroring the impact of flood on education sector to the current heavy flood 2022 in Pakistan or pandemic COVID-19 is similarly compelling nations around the world for closure of their schools and educational institutions. The findings of this study may have some policy implications in terms of identifying the most vulnerable children and adolescents to mitigate the adverse impact of the natural disasters such as flood or pandemic on education outcomes and particularly significant to pinpoint shocks of disasters that have large and long-run impacts on human capital accumulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Riaz Ahmed & Waseem Barkat & Adeel Ahmed & Muhammad Tahir & Abdul Majid Nasir, 2022. "The Impact of Flooding on Education of Children and Adolescents: Evidence from Pakistan," Water Economics and Policy (WEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 8(03), pages 1-35, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:wsi:wepxxx:v:08:y:2022:i:03:n:s2382624x22400094
    DOI: 10.1142/S2382624X22400094
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S2382624X22400094
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1142/S2382624X22400094?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Álvaro-Francisco Morote & Jorge Olcina, 2024. "Preventing through Sustainability Education: Training and the Perception of Floods among School Children," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-15, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wsi:wepxxx:v:08:y:2022:i:03:n:s2382624x22400094. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Tai Tone Lim (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.worldscinet.com/wep/wep.shtml .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.