Surface Phonon And Confined Phonon Polaritons In Wurtizte Nitride Thin-Film Structures

The polar phonon polariton modes in a wurtzite thin-film structure have been theoretically investigated in the present paper. It has been confirmed that there are two types of phonon polariton modes, i.e., the surface phonon polariton (SPP) modes and the confined phonon polariton (CPP) modes in wurtzite thin-film systems. The frequency ranges of the SPP and CPP modes have been discussed in detail. The dispersive equations for the two types of polarition modes are also deduced. Numerical calculations on aGaNthin-film structure reveal that, for a given free wavenumberktinx-direction, there are two branches of SPP modes in general. The width of the wurtizte thin film has important influence on the dispersive properties of the polariton modes, especially the widthdis small. Our calculated result agrees well with the recent experimental observation inGaNthin-film system. Furthermore, we confirm that the SPP modes observed (at about the frequency of 700 cm-1) is the low-frequency SPP modes. The CPP modes appear in two frequency ranges of [ωzT,GaN,ωtT,GaN]and [ωzL,GaN,ωtL,GaN]. There are infinite branches of CPP modes in each range. The low-frequency branch, in contrast to the high-frequency branch, is more dispersive. Moreover, the dispersion of lower-order CPP modes is more obvious than that of higher-order CPP ones. At last, the distribution properties of the electric field componentsEx(z)for the SPP and CPP modes are discussed and analyzed. It is found thatEx(z)are either symmetrical, or antisymmetrical. The electric field components$E_x^{\rm SPP}(z)$for SPP modes are mainly localized at the surfaces. The distribution properties of electric field components$E_x^{\rm CPP}(z)$are quite analogous to the behaviors of bound electronic states in confined quantum systems. In terms of these features, the CPP modes in theGaNthin film structures are distinguished and labeled.