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The Environmental Kuznets Curve For Carbon Dioxide Emissions And Trade On Belt And Road Initiative Countries: A Spatial Panel Data Approach

Author

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  • YASIR KHAN

    (School of Economics & Management, Southeast University, 211198 Nanjing, P. R. China)

  • QIU BIN

    (School of Economics & Management, Southeast University, 211198 Nanjing, P. R. China)

Abstract

This paper empirically examines the nexus between CO2 emissions and international trade for the 65 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) economies over the period of 1985–2017. We first consider the cross-sectional dependence and slope homogeneity test in the panel, and we observed from the results that there is substantial heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. We employed the results of the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimator and determined that for all 65 BRI economies, foreign direct investment inflow, gross domestic product (GDP) squared and urbanization had a positive and significant impact on carbon emissions (CO2). Moreover, this study found that foreign direct investment inflow led to an increase in carbon emissions in BRI countries across South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia and Europe. Finally, on the basis of the panel causality test, we found evidence of various causality associations among the selected variables across the regions. These findings are significant for the related policymakers in BRI countries, as they can assist in developing appropriate carbon emission, trade and energy policies with the goal of reducing carbon emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Yasir Khan & Qiu Bin, 2020. "The Environmental Kuznets Curve For Carbon Dioxide Emissions And Trade On Belt And Road Initiative Countries: A Spatial Panel Data Approach," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 65(04), pages 1099-1126, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:serxxx:v:65:y:2020:i:04:n:s0217590819500255
    DOI: 10.1142/S0217590819500255
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Xiao, Zhaohua & Du, Limin & Wang, Zheng, 2023. "The Belt, the Road, and the carbon emissions in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    2. Xiuqin Zhang & Xudong Shi & Yasir Khan & Taimoor Hassan & Mohamed Marie, 2023. "Carbon Neutrality Challenge: Analyse the Role of Energy Productivity, Renewable Energy, and Collaboration in Climate Mitigation Technology in OECD Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    3. Fuzhong Chen & Guohai Jiang & Kangyin Dong, 2022. "How do FDI inflows curvilinearly affect carbon emissions? Threshold effects of energy service availability and cleanliness," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 798-824, December.
    4. Yanmei Li & Xin Sun & Xiushan Bai, 2022. "Differences of Carbon Emission Efficiency in the Belt and Road Initiative Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-17, February.
    5. Khan, Yasir & Hassan, Taimoor, 2024. "Promoting sustainable development: Evaluating the influence of natural resources, high-tech export and corruption on CO2 emissions in developing economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    6. Hassan, Taimoor & Song, Huaming & Khan, Yasir & Kirikkaleli, Dervis, 2022. "Energy efficiency a source of low carbon energy sources? Evidence from 16 high-income OECD economies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    7. Yan Wu & Chunlai Chen & Cong Hu, 2021. "Does the Belt and Road Initiative Increase the Carbon Emission Intensity of Participating Countries?," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 29(3), pages 1-25, May.
    8. Wu, Hong, 2023. "Evaluating the role of renewable energy investment resources and green finance on the economic performance: Evidence from OECD economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).

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