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Multilateral Trade Liberalization and Democracy: Does Export Product Diversification Matter?

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  • Sena Kimm Gnangnon

    (World Trade Organization (WTO), Geneva, Switzerland)

Abstract

This paper explores the effect of multilateral trade liberalization (MTP) on democracy, using a set of 148 countries over the period 1996–2016. In particular, it investigates whether this effect depends on countries’ level of export product concentration. The analysis shows that MTP promotes democracy only when it reaches a certain threshold. Furthermore, MTP promotes democracy in countries that enjoy a high degree of export product diversification, including away from primary products, or in those with low dependence on natural resource rents. These findings have important policy implications.

Suggested Citation

  • Sena Kimm Gnangnon, 2021. "Multilateral Trade Liberalization and Democracy: Does Export Product Diversification Matter?," Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy (JICEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(01), pages 1-26, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:jicepx:v:12:y:2021:i:01:n:s1793993321500022
    DOI: 10.1142/S1793993321500022
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