IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wsi/ijimxx/v13y2009i04ns1363919609002443.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Different Modes Of Open Innovation: A Theoretical Framework And An Empirical Study

Author

Listed:
  • VALENTINA LAZZAROTTI

    (Università Carlo Cattaneo, Corso Matteotti 22, 21053 Castellanza (VA), Italy)

  • RAFFAELLA MANZINI

    (Università Carlo Cattaneo, Corso Matteotti 22, 21053 Castellanza (VA), Italy)

Abstract

Starting from the several conceptual and empirical studies about open innovation modes, this paper attempts to integrate them by suggesting a framework which reveals four basic ways to collaborate. Two variables are considered that represent the degree of openness for a company: (i) the number/type of partners with which the company collaborates, briefly labelled as "partner variety"; (ii) the number/type of phases of the innovation process that the company opens to external contributions, briefly labelled as "innovation funnel openness". By crossing these two variables, four basic modes of open innovation are identified:closed innovators,open innovators,specialized collaboratorsandintegrated collaborators. The framework shows its practical validity in an empirical study that is conducted in Italy with the specific aim at verifying whether companies can really be mapped using this framework, i.e. whether the four modes of open innovation can be found in real companies (framework applicability); whether different modes correspond to different companies' strategies, capabilities, organisational and managerial processes (framework explicative power and usefulness). The framework shows that, in some cases, being totally open in innovation activities is not the only and most suitable option, but that different degrees and ways of "openness" can be implemented successfully, as well as the totally closed option.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentina Lazzarotti & Raffaella Manzini, 2009. "Different Modes Of Open Innovation: A Theoretical Framework And An Empirical Study," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 13(04), pages 615-636.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:ijimxx:v:13:y:2009:i:04:n:s1363919609002443
    DOI: 10.1142/S1363919609002443
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1363919609002443
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1142/S1363919609002443?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. -, 2006. "Jóvenes y mercado de trabajo en el Ecuador," Sede de la CEPAL en Santiago (Estudios e Investigaciones) 31961, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    2. Álvarez de Toledo, Luisa Isabel, 2006. "Prestige: La 'hoja de comunicaciones'," Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar, Entelequia y Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales SL, issue 2, pages 73-82, Fall.
    3. R. Anton Braun & Yuichiro Waki, 2006. "Monetary Policy During Japan'S Lost Decade," The Japanese Economic Review, Japanese Economic Association, vol. 57(2), pages 324-344, June.
    4. ., 2006. "Cooperation Between Competing Jurisdictions," Chapters, in: Competition in the Provision of Local Public Goods, chapter 3, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. N/A, 2006. "Subject Index," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 29(4), pages 350-425, October.
    6. anonymous, 2006. "Noteworthy: Texas jobs, agriculture, defense," Southwest Economy, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, issue Mar, pages 1-14.
    7. ., 2006. "Social Justice," Chapters, in: David Alexander Clark (ed.), The Elgar Companion to Development Studies, chapter 114, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    8. Secretariat, 2006. "Activities of JSCES in 2005–2006," The Journal of Comparative Economic Studies (JCES), The Japanese Society for Comparative Economic Studies (JSCES), vol. 2, pages 87-89, July.
    9. Editors, 2006. "JPE: Data on Time to First Decision, 2001-2004," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 114(1), pages 202-231, February.
    10. Antonio Fuster Olivares & Jose Miguel Giner Perez & Mª Carmen Tolosa Bailen, 2004. "The new economy in Spain: a regional analysis," ERSA conference papers ersa04p284, European Regional Science Association.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kristina Risom Jespersen, 2010. "User-Involvement And Open Innovation: The Case Of Decision-Maker Openness," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 14(03), pages 471-489.
    2. David Rönnberg Sjödin & P. E. Eriksson, 2010. "Procurement Procedures For Supplier Integration And Open Innovation In Mature Industries," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 14(04), pages 655-682.
    3. Herbert Dawid & Michael Kopel & Thomas Dangl, 2009. "Trash It Or Sell It? A Strategic Analysis Of The Market Introduction Of Product Innovations," International Game Theory Review (IGTR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(03), pages 321-345.
    4. Clive-Steven Curran & Jens Leker, 2009. "Employing Stn Anavist To Forecast Converging Industries," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 13(04), pages 637-664.
    5. Ana Cristina O. Siqueira & Andy D. Cosh, 2008. "Effects Of Product Innovation And Organisational Capabilities On Competitive Advantage: Evidence From Uk Small And Medium Manufacturing Enterprises," International Journal of Innovation Management (ijim), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(02), pages 113-137.
    6. Mary Han, 2008. "Achieving Superior International New Venture (Inv) Performance: Exploiting Short-Term Duration Of Ties," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 16(01), pages 1-18.
    7. Christel Kamp, 2011. "Mixing Patterns Among Epidemic Groups," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 14(04), pages 537-547.
    8. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2007_032 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Sassen, Saskia, 2008. "Two stops in today's new global geographies: shaping novel labor supplies and employment regimes," Asuntos de Género 5815, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    10. Evans, George W. & Guse, Eran & Honkapohja, Seppo, 2008. "Liquidity traps, learning and stagnation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(8), pages 1438-1463, November.
    11. Lawrence M. Lekhanya & Roger B. Mason, 2014. "Selected Key External Factors Influencing the Success of Rural Small and Medium Enterprises in South Africa," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(03), pages 331-348.
    12. George W. Evans & Seppo Honkapohja, 2009. "Robust Learning Stability with Operational Monetary Policy Rules," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel & Carl E. Walsh & Norman Loayza (Series Editor) & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel (Series (ed.),Monetary Policy under Uncertainty and Learning, edition 1, volume 13, chapter 5, pages 145-170, Central Bank of Chile.
    13. Braun, R. Anton & Körber, Lena Mareen, 2011. "New Keynesian dynamics in a low interest rate environment," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 2213-2227.
    14. R. Anton Braun & Yuichiro Waki, 2006. "Monetary Policy During Japan'S Lost Decade," The Japanese Economic Review, Japanese Economic Association, vol. 57(2), pages 324-344, June.
    15. Peter J. Morgan, 2012. "The Role and Effectiveness of Unconventional Monetary Policy," Chapters, in: Masahiro Kawai & Peter J. Morgan & Shinji Takagi (ed.), Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia, chapter 2, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    16. Toca, Constantin-Vasile & Teperics, Károly & Czimre, Klára, 2014. "The role of the Univesrities of Oradea and Debrecen in attracting foreign students in the field of medicine," MPRA Paper 62062, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Bask, Mikael, 2009. "Instrument rules in monetary policy under heterogeneity in currency trade," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 97-111.
    18. Rey, D. & Holman, I.P. & Daccache, A. & Morris, J. & Weatherhead, E.K. & Knox, J.W., 2016. "Modelling and mapping the economic value of supplemental irrigation in a humid climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 13-22.
    19. Ryuta Takashima & Makoto Goto & Motoh Tsujimura, 2010. "Irreversible Investment, Operating Flexibility, And Time Lags," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 27(02), pages 271-286.
    20. Reza Kia & Nikbakhsh Javadian & Mohammad Mahdi Paydar & Mohammad Saidi-Mehrabad, 2013. "A Simulated Annealing For Intra-Cell Layout Design Of Dynamic Cellular Manufacturing Systems With Route Selection, Purchasing Machines And Cell Reconfiguration," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 30(04), pages 1-41.
    21. Luca Lambertini & Gianpaolo Rossini, 2009. "The Gains From Cooperative R&D With A Concave Technology And Spillovers," International Game Theory Review (IGTR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(01), pages 77-85.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wsi:ijimxx:v:13:y:2009:i:04:n:s1363919609002443. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Tai Tone Lim (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.worldscinet.com/ijim/ijim.shtml .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.