IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wsi/fracta/v29y2021i02ns0218348x21501231.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Complexity-Based Analysis Of The Alterations In The Structure Of Coronaviruses

Author

Listed:
  • HAMIDREZA NAMAZI

    (College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia†Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia)

  • ALI SELAMAT

    (��Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia‡Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia§Media and Games Center of Excellence (MagicX), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia)

  • ONDREJ KREJCAR

    (��Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia‡Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia)

Abstract

The coronavirus has influenced the lives of many people since its identification in 1960. In general, there are seven types of coronavirus. Although some types of this virus, including 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1, cause mild to moderate illness, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 have shown to have severer effects on the human body. Specifically, the recent known type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has affected the lives of many people around the world since late 2019 with the disease named COVID-19. In this paper, for the first time, we investigated the variations among the complex structures of coronaviruses. We employed the fractal dimension, approximate entropy, and sample entropy as the measures of complexity. Based on the obtained results, SARS-CoV-2 has a significantly different complex structure than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. To study the high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2, we also analyzed the long-term memory of genome walks for different coronaviruses using the Hurst exponent. The results demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 shows the lowest memory in its genome walk, explaining the errors in copying the sequences along the genome that results in the virus mutation.

Suggested Citation

  • Hamidreza Namazi & Ali Selamat & Ondrej Krejcar, 2021. "Complexity-Based Analysis Of The Alterations In The Structure Of Coronaviruses," FRACTALS (fractals), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 29(02), pages 1-11, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wsi:fracta:v:29:y:2021:i:02:n:s0218348x21501231
    DOI: 10.1142/S0218348X21501231
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0218348X21501231
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1142/S0218348X21501231?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wsi:fracta:v:29:y:2021:i:02:n:s0218348x21501231. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Tai Tone Lim (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscinet/fractals .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.