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The Benefits of Diversification Between Bitcoin, Bonds, Equities and the US Dollar: A Matter of Portfolio Construction

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  • Abdulnasser Hatemi-J

    (Department of Accounting and Finance, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE)

  • Mohamed A. Hajji

    (Department of Mathematical Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE)

  • Elie Bouri

    (Adnan Kassar Business School, Lebanese American University, Lebanon)

  • Rangan Gupta

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, South Africa)

Abstract

This paper investigates the potential portfolio diversification between Bitcoin, bonds, equities, and the US dollar. We make use of two approaches for constructing the portfolio. The first is the standard minimum variance approach, and the alternative is based on combining risk and return when the portfolio is constructed. The portfolio based on the minimum variance approach does not result in increasing the return per unit of risk compared to the corresponding value for the best single asset, in this case, Bitcoin. However, the portfolio based on the approach that combines risk and return in the optimization problem does show a return per unit risk higher than the corresponding value for any of the four assets. Thus, the portfolio diversification benefit with respect to these four assets, in terms of return per unit risk, exists only if the portfolio is constructed via the new approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdulnasser Hatemi-J & Mohamed A. Hajji & Elie Bouri & Rangan Gupta, 2022. "The Benefits of Diversification Between Bitcoin, Bonds, Equities and the US Dollar: A Matter of Portfolio Construction," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 39(04), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:apjorx:v:39:y:2022:i:04:n:s0217595920400242
    DOI: 10.1142/S0217595920400242
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    Cited by:

    1. Susovon Jana & Tarak N. Sahu, 2023. "Is the cryptocurrency market a hedge against stock market risk? A Wavelet and GARCH approach," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 52(3), November.
    2. Fahad Mostafa & Pritam Saha & Mohammad Rafiqul Islam & Nguyet Nguyen, 2021. "GJR-GARCH Volatility Modeling under NIG and ANN for Predicting Top Cryptocurrencies," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Karl Oton Rudolf & Samer Ajour El Zein & Nicola Jackman Lansdowne, 2021. "Bitcoin as an Investment and Hedge Alternative. A DCC MGARCH Model Analysis," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-22, August.
    4. Danilo Petti & Ivan Sergio, 2024. "Bank Crisis Boosts Bitcoin Price," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-16, March.
    5. Ghaemi Asl, Mahdi & Raheem, Ibrahim D. & Rashidi, Muhammad Mahdi, 2023. "Do stochastic risks flow between industrial and precious metals, Islamic stocks, green bonds, green stocks, clean investments, major foreign exchange rates, and Bitcoin?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PA).
    6. Paeng, Seongcheol & Senteney, Dave & Yang, Taewon, 2024. "Spillover effects, lead and lag relationships, and stable coins time series," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 45-60.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Portfolio diversification; Bitcoin; equity; bond; US dollar; risk and return;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C6 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling
    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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