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Critical Behavior In An Evolutionary Ultimatum Game With Social Structure

Author

Listed:
  • VÍCTOR M. EGUÍLUZ

    (Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain)

  • CLAUDIO J. TESSONE

    (Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (CSIC-UIB), E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
    Chair of Systems Design, ETH Zürich, Kreuzplatz 5, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland)

Abstract

Experimental studies have shown the ubiquity of altruistic behavior in human societies. The social structure is a fundamental ingredient to understand the degree of altruism displayed by the members of a society, in contrast to individual-based features, like for example age or gender, which have been shown not to be relevant to determine the level of altruistic behavior. We explore an evolutionary model aiming to delve how altruistic behavior is affected by social structure. We investigate the dynamics of interacting individuals playing the Ultimatum Game with their neighbors given by a social network of interaction. We show that a population self-organizes in a critical state where the degree of altruism depends on the topology characterizing the social structure. In general, individuals offering large shares but in turn accepting large shares, are removed from the population. In heterogeneous social networks, individuals offering intermediate shares are strongly selected in contrast to random homogeneous networks where a broad range of offers, below a critical one, is similarly present in the population.

Suggested Citation

  • Víctor M. Eguíluz & Claudio J. Tessone, 2009. "Critical Behavior In An Evolutionary Ultimatum Game With Social Structure," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(02), pages 221-232.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:acsxxx:v:12:y:2009:i:02:n:s0219525909002179
    DOI: 10.1142/S0219525909002179
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    Cited by:

    1. Perc, Matjaž & Grigolini, Paolo, 2013. "Collective behavior and evolutionary games – An introduction," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 1-5.
    2. Jaime Iranzo & Luis M Floría & Yamir Moreno & Angel Sánchez, 2012. "Empathy Emerges Spontaneously in the Ultimatum Game: Small Groups and Networks," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(9), pages 1-8, September.
    3. Zheng, Lei & Li, Youqi & Zhou, Jingsai & Li, Yumeng, 2022. "The effect of celebrity on the evolution of fairness in the ultimatum game," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 585(C).

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