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Managing forced migration: Overt and covert policies to limit the influx of Ukrainian refugees

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  • Alex M. Grosman
  • Jos C. N. Raadschelders

Abstract

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has resulted in massive refugee migration. In this article we consider how the European Union (EU) and the United States have so far managed this influx of people. For reasons explained in the article, the EU is more focused on humanitarian aid, while the United States is especially engaged through military aid. The EU and the United States have historically employed both overt and covert means of limiting refugee migration, and this has been especially the case with migrants of color. Ukrainian refugees have no problem entering EU countries and receiving help (work permits, housing, etc.), while the United States uses various ways that make entry into the United States fairly complicated and thus contain Ukrainian migration (e.g., difficulty filling out applications, finding a sponsor in the United States). 俄罗斯入侵乌克兰一事已导致大量难民迁移。本文中,我们衡量了迄今为止欧盟和美国如何管理这一人口涌入。本文解释的原因认为,欧盟更注重人道主义援助,而美国则尤其通过军事援助进行参与。欧盟和美国历来都采用过公开和隐蔽的手段来限制难民迁移,尤其是对于有色人种移民。乌克兰难民在进入欧盟国家并获得帮助(工作许可、住房等)方面没有任何问题,而美国则使用不同方式使进入美国一事变得复杂,从而遏制乌克兰移民(例如,填写申请时面临困难、找到一名美国担保人)。 La invasión rusa de Ucrania ha provocado una migración masiva de refugiados. En este artículo analizamos cómo la Unión Europea y Estados Unidos han gestionado hasta ahora esta afluencia de personas. Por las razones que se explican en el artículo, la UE se centra más en la ayuda humanitaria, mientras que Estados Unidos participa especialmente en la ayuda militar. Históricamente, la UE y Estados Unidos han empleado medios tanto abiertos como encubiertos para limitar la migración de refugiados, y este ha sido especialmente el caso de los inmigrantes de color. Los refugiados ucranianos no tienen problemas para ingresar a los países de la UE y recibir ayuda (permisos de trabajo, alojamiento, etc.), mientras que Estados Unidos utiliza varias formas que complican bastante la entrada a los Estados Unidos y, por lo tanto, contienen la migración ucraniana (por ejemplo, completar solicitudes difíciles), encontrar un patrocinador en los Estados Unidos).

Suggested Citation

  • Alex M. Grosman & Jos C. N. Raadschelders, 2024. "Managing forced migration: Overt and covert policies to limit the influx of Ukrainian refugees," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 187(1), pages 49-62, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:187:y:2024:i:1:p:49-62
    DOI: 10.1002/waf2.12005
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