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Traditional Beliefs And Electoral Behavior In Indonesia

Author

Listed:
  • Ahmad Harakan
  • Riccardo Pelizzo
  • Nygmetzhan Kuzenbayev

Abstract

While several studies on the issue have shown that traditional beliefs affect people's political behavior and preferences, very little attention has been paid to how traditional beliefs influence electoral behavior. The only study that has attempted to link traditional beliefs and electoral behavior has done so by analyzing the case of Togo where the party system has been traditionally fairly stable and unfragmented. The case of Indonesia, on the other hand, has undergone significant changes since the end of the Orde Baru, and what was once a fairly unfragmented party system now displays high levels of fragmentation. Hence, it is particularly interesting to explore how the presence/diffusion of traditional beliefs shapes the voters’ choices in a changing, increasingly fragmented, democratizing political system. Moreover, in reviewing the literature on Indonesian elections, we find that, first, the study of electoral behavior in Indonesia has made little effort to employ existing theoretical frameworks; second, quantitative studies are scarce; and third, there are practically no micro‐level quantitative studies on electoral behavior. In this article, we assess whether and to what extent the electoral choice of a voter is affected by whether and to what extent they hold on to traditional beliefs by performing statistical analyses of original survey data. We find that voters with a traditional mindset are more likely to vote for the secular parties in the ruling coalition than voters who do not hold traditional beliefs. Si bien varios estudios de este número han demostrado que las creencias tradicionales afectan el comportamiento y las preferencias políticas de las personas, se ha prestado muy poca atención a cómo las creencias tradicionales influyen en el comportamiento electoral. El único estudio que ha intentado vincular las creencias tradicionales y el comportamiento electoral lo ha hecho analizando el caso de Togo, donde el sistema de partidos ha sido tradicionalmente bastante estable y no fragmentado. El caso de Indonesia, por otro lado, ha experimentado cambios significativos desde el fin del Orde Baru y lo que alguna vez fue un sistema de partidos bastante no fragmentado ahora muestra altos niveles de fragmentación. Por lo tanto, es particularmente interesante explorar cómo la presencia/difusión de creencias tradicionales moldea las elecciones de los votantes en un sistema político cambiante, cada vez más fragmentado y democratizador. Además, al revisar la literatura sobre las elecciones en Indonesia, encontramos que: primero, el estudio del comportamiento electoral en Indonesia ha hecho pocos esfuerzos por emplear los marcos teóricos existentes; segundo, los estudios cuantitativos son escasos; y tercero, prácticamente no existen estudios cuantitativos a nivel micro sobre el comportamiento electoral. En este artículo, evaluamos si, y en qué medida, la elección electoral de un votante se ve afectada por si se aferra a las creencias tradicionales, y en qué medida, mediante la realización de análisis estadísticos de los datos originales de la encuesta. Encontramos que los votantes con una mentalidad tradicional tienen más probabilidades de votar por los partidos seculares de la coalición gobernante que los votantes que no tienen creencias tradicionales. 尽管本期《世界事务》特刊收录的几篇文章表明, 传统信仰影响人们的政治行为和偏好, 但几乎没有研究聚焦于传统信仰如何影响选举行为。唯一试图将传统信仰与选举行为联系起来的研究以多哥为案例加以分析, 该国的政党制度在传统上相当稳定且完整。印度尼西亚的情况则是, 自“新秩序”时期结束以来发生了重大变革, 曾经相当完整的政党体系现在表现出高度的碎片化。因此, 探究传统信仰的存在/扩散如何在不断变化、日益碎片化和民主化的政治体系中影响选民的选择一事就显得尤为有趣。此外, 在审视有关印尼选举的文献时, 我们发现: 第一, 关于印尼选举行为的研究很少尝试运用现有的理论框架; 第二, 定量研究很少; 第三, 几乎没有定量研究聚焦于选举行为的微观层面。本文中, 我们通过对原始调查数据进行统计分析, 评估了选民的选举抉择是否以及在多大程度上受到“其是否以及在多大程度上坚持传统信仰”一事的影响。我们发现, 具有传统思维的选民比不持有传统信仰的选民更有可能投票给执政联盟中的世俗政党。

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad Harakan & Riccardo Pelizzo & Nygmetzhan Kuzenbayev, 2023. "Traditional Beliefs And Electoral Behavior In Indonesia," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 186(4), pages 896-924, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:186:y:2023:i:4:p:896-924
    DOI: 10.1177/00438200231203005
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