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Same Ride, Different Riders

Author

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  • Sahand E. P. Faez
  • Wing‐Keung Wong

Abstract

Mainstream international relations definitions commonly assume that states are identical units in a constant state of competition for survival to increase their power. Yet, such a one‐sided approach fails to fully consider that the internal structures and contexts of states at different times and under different leaders exert considerable effects on how states act in the international arena and on the foreign policies that shape their identities, priorities, and thus relations with other states. We begin by questioning such theoretical assumptions and then apply a more appropriate reformulation to the case of Turkey's changing trade policy with the European Union (EU). Examining Gül's administration (2007–2014) and Erdoğan's (2014–2020), we look at whether a change in Turkish leadership resulted in a significant change in trade policy and led to a change in the dynamics of its foreign relations approach. Turkey's relations with the members of the EU are assessed (via panel data estimations) as the volume of trade between Turkey and EU members. The data consists of 25 European states’ GDP, Exchange Rate, and Inflation Rate for 2000–2020. We find a significant difference in Turkey's behavior in terms of trade with the EU members between the two administrations under study. This suggests the need to rethink some central theoretical assumptions in certain mainstream international relations perspectives. Según las definiciones de las relaciones internacionales convencionales, los estados son unidades idénticas que se encuentran en un estado constante de competencia por la supervivencia, cuyo papel clave es aumentar su poder. Este enfoque unilateral no tiene en cuenta varios aspectos clave del sistema global actual. El propósito de este estudio es examinar si existe alguna diferencia significativa en la relación de Turquía con los miembros de la Unión Europea (UE) entre dos administraciones recientes. Su relación con los miembros de la UE se evalúa como el volumen de comercio entre Turquía y los miembros de la UE. Se han realizado varias estimaciones de datos de panel. La variable dependiente para evaluar las relaciones internacionales en este estudio es el comercio de Turquía con los miembros de la UE. Los datos consisten en el PIB, el tipo de cambio y la tasa de inflación de 25 estados europeos para 2000–2020. Las dos administraciones se añaden como variables ficticias. Según los hallazgos, existe una diferencia significativa en el comportamiento de Turquía en términos de comercio con los miembros de la UE entre las dos administraciones bajo estudio. 根据主流国际关系(IR)的定义,各个国家都是一样的单元,其为生存而处于不断竞争的状态,而生存的关键在于增强实力。这种片面的衡量方法没有考虑当前全球体系的几个关键方面。本研究旨在分析土耳其最近两届政府在与欧盟(EU)成员国关系方面是否存在显著差异。土耳其政府与欧盟成员国的关系通过二者之间的贸易量加以评估。进行了几轮面板数据估计。本研究中,用于评估国际关系的因变量是土耳其与欧盟成员国的贸易。数据包括2000年至2020年25个欧洲国家的GDP、汇率和通胀率。两届政府被添加为虚拟变量。调查结果显示,土耳其两届政府在与欧盟成员国的贸易行为方面存在显著差异。

Suggested Citation

  • Sahand E. P. Faez & Wing‐Keung Wong, 2023. "Same Ride, Different Riders," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 186(1), pages 135-168, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:186:y:2023:i:1:p:135-168
    DOI: 10.1177/00438200221111793
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