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“Decentralize or Else”: Russia's Use of Offensive Coercive Diplomacy against Ukraine

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  • Eray Alim

Abstract

Drawing on the concept of offensive coercive diplomacy, this article examines Russia's strategy in the conflict in Eastern Ukraine and addresses the question of why Russia has failed to achieve its objectives. Through an analysis of notions such as “status quo” (in terms of who overturned it) and international law (in terms of who violated it), I attempt to show that Russia's actions in Eastern Ukraine qualify as offensive coercion. Backed up by force, Russia demanded that Ukraine implement a decentralization process and grant a part of Eastern Ukraine (Donbas) special status. Knowing that Russia's aim is to use Donbas as an instrument to control its political future, Ukraine refused to acquiesce to Russia's demand without restoring its sovereignty in Eastern Ukraine. With both sides refusing to budge, the crisis turned into a zero‐sum game. This article seeks to contribute to research on coercive diplomacy by focusing on offensive coercion. Basándose en el concepto de diplomacia ofensiva coercitiva, este artículo examina la estrategia de Rusia en el conflicto en Ucrania del Este y aborda la cuestión de por qué Rusia no ha logrado sus objetivos. A través del un análisis de nociones como el “status quo” (en términos de quién lo revocó) y el derecho internacional (en términos de quién lo violó), intentaré demostrar que las acciones de Rusia en Ucrania del Este califican como coerción ofensiva. Respaldada por la fuerza, Rusia exigió a Ucrania que implemente un proceso de descentralización y conceda un estatus especial a una parte del de Ucrania del Este (Donbas). Sabiendo que el objetivo de Rusia es utilizar a Donbas como un instrumento para controlar su futuro político, Ucrania se negó a aceptar la demanda de Rusia sin restaurar su soberanía en Ucrania del Este. Con ambas partes negándose a ceder, la crisis se convirtió en un juego de suma cero. Este artículo busca contribuir a la investigación sobre la diplomacia coercitiva enfocándose en la coerción ofensiva. 基于进攻式强制外交概念,本文检验了俄罗斯在东乌克兰冲突中采取的战略,并研究了俄罗斯为何未能成功实现其目标这一问题。通过分析例如当前情况(就谁推翻了先前形势而言)和国际法(就谁犯法而言)等概念,我试图证明,俄罗斯在东乌克兰地区采取的行动属于进攻式强制行动。受军事力量的支持,俄罗斯要求乌克兰实施一项去中心化进程,并对东乌克兰的一部分地区(顿巴斯)赋予特殊地位。了解到俄罗斯的目的是利用顿巴斯作为工具控制其政治未来这一情况,乌克兰拒绝顺从俄罗斯的要求,没有归还其在东乌克兰的主权。由于双方都不愿意改变意愿,这场危机变为了一场零和博弈。本文试图通过聚焦于进攻式强制行动,对有关强制外交的研究作出贡献。

Suggested Citation

  • Eray Alim, 2020. "“Decentralize or Else”: Russia's Use of Offensive Coercive Diplomacy against Ukraine," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 183(2), pages 155-182, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:183:y:2020:i:2:p:155-182
    DOI: 10.1177/0043820020919907
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