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Coping with changes: Causes, findings, and strategies

Author

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  • Ernst Fricke
  • Bernd Gebhard
  • Herbert Negele
  • Eduard Igenbergs

Abstract

There is no engineering of successful systems without any changes; they are the rule and not the exception in product development. To uncover the problems, rationales and goals associated with changes during the life cycle of a system, an exploratory case study in German industry was conducted. Causes and reasons for changes are described, as well as five strategies to cope with changes and the related methods. One example will show how to successfully prevent and front‐load changes. Though the preferred strategies to cope with changes are prevention and front‐loading, it is concluded that, in today's dynamic business environments, changes are necessary to stay competitive. Therefore, it is proposed to make late changes cost‐efficient by implementing changeability within system architectures. Managing changes has to be understood as a major practice for developing successful systems. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Syst Eng 3: 169–179, 2000

Suggested Citation

  • Ernst Fricke & Bernd Gebhard & Herbert Negele & Eduard Igenbergs, 2000. "Coping with changes: Causes, findings, and strategies," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 3(4), pages 169-179.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:syseng:v:3:y:2000:i:4:p:169-179
    DOI: 10.1002/1520-6858(2000)3:43.0.CO;2-W
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    Cited by:

    1. Timothy D. Blackburn & Thomas A. Mazzuchi & Shahram Sarkani, 2012. "Using a TRIZ framework for systems engineering trade studies," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(3), pages 355-367, September.
    2. Adam M. Ross & Donna H. Rhodes & Daniel E. Hastings, 2008. "Defining changeability: Reconciling flexibility, adaptability, scalability, modifiability, and robustness for maintaining system lifecycle value," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(3), pages 246-262, September.
    3. Eirik Hole & Dinesh Verma & Rashmi Jain & Vito Vitale & Paul Popick, 2005. "Development of the ibm.com interactive solution marketplace (ISM): A systems engineering case study," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(1), pages 78-92.
    4. Markus Hoppe & Avner Engel & Shalom Shachar, 2007. "SysTest: Improving the verification, validation, and testing process— Assessing six industrial pilot projects," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(4), pages 323-347, December.
    5. Inayat Ullah & Dunbing Tang & Qi Wang & Leilei Yin, 2017. "Least Risky Change Propagation Path Analysis in Product Design Process," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(4), pages 379-391, July.
    6. Brian M. Kennedy & Durward K. Sobek & Michael N. Kennedy, 2014. "Reducing Rework by Applying Set‐Based Practices Early in the Systems Engineering Process," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(3), pages 278-296, September.
    7. Edwin C. Y. Koh, 2017. "A study on the Requirements to Support the Accurate Prediction of Engineering Change Propagation," Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(2), pages 147-157, March.

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