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Relating Environmental Performance of Nation States to Income and Income Inequality

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  • Stephen Morse

Abstract

This paper explores a number of ways in which environmental quality can be represented by indicators within empirical attempts to look for a relationship between environmental performance, income and income inequality. A total of 16 environmental performance indicators were selected where data were available at the national scale (180 countries), all of which were components of the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) published in early 2016, and included as dependent variables with income/capita (GDP/capita) and distribution of income (Gini coefficient) spanning nearly 20 years as independent variables. Data were analysed using principal component regression. The results generate a rather complex picture, whereby some of the EPI component indicators, notably those in the Environmental Health category, have a relationship with income and income distribution, while others, especially those centred on Ecosystem Vitality, do not. The paper provides some of the first published evidence for a relationship between environmental performance and income distribution and discusses some of the possible causal factors. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

Suggested Citation

  • Stephen Morse, 2018. "Relating Environmental Performance of Nation States to Income and Income Inequality," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(1), pages 99-115, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:sustdv:v:26:y:2018:i:1:p:99-115
    DOI: 10.1002/sd.1693
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    Cited by:

    1. Jorge Antunes & Rangan Gupta & Zinnia Mukherjee & Peter Wanke, 2022. "Information entropy, continuous improvement, and US energy performance: a novel stochastic-entropic analysis for ideal solutions (SEA-IS)," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 313(1), pages 289-318, June.
    2. Jiekuan Zhang & Yan Zhang, 2021. "The relationship between China's income inequality and transport infrastructure, economic growth, and carbon emissions," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(1), pages 243-264, March.
    3. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2020. "How enhancing gender inclusion affects inequality: Thresholds of complementary policies for sustainable development," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 132-142, January.
    4. Dohyung Kim & Sun Go, 2020. "Human Capital and Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-14, June.
    5. Yigang Wei & Yan Li & Meiyu Wu & Yingbo Li, 2020. "Progressing sustainable development of “the Belt and Road countries”: Estimating environmental efficiency based on the Super‐slack‐based measure model," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 521-539, July.
    6. Panagiotis Fotis & Michael Polemis, 2018. "Sustainable development, environmental policy and renewable energy use: A dynamic panel data approach," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(6), pages 726-740, November.
    7. Lei Ji & Chunlin Yuan & Taiwen Feng & Chen Wang, 2020. "Achieving the environmental profits of green supplier integration: The roles of supply chain resilience and knowledge combination," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 978-989, July.
    8. Stylianos Syropoulos & Kyle Fiore Law & Liane Young, 2023. "National Differences in Age and Future-Oriented Indicators Relate to Environmental Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    9. Obadiah Jonathan Gimba & Abdulkareem Alhassan & Huseyin Ozdeser & Wafa Ghardallou & Mehdi Seraj & Ojonugwa Usman, 2023. "Towards low carbon and sustainable environment: does income inequality mitigate ecological footprints in Sub-Saharan Africa?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(9), pages 10425-10445, September.

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