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Vehicle Emission Unit Risk Factors for Transportation Risk Assessments

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  • Bruce M. Biwer
  • James P. Butler

Abstract

When the transportation risk posed by shipments of hazardous chemical and radioactive materials is being assessed, it is necessary to evaluate therisks associated with both vehicle emissions and cargo‐related risks. Diesel exhaust and fugitive dust emissions from vehicles transporting hazardous shipments lead to increased air pollution, which increases the risk of latent fatalities in the affected population along the transport route. The estimated risk from these vehicle‐related sources can often be as large or larger than the estimated risk associated with the material being transported. In this paper, data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Motor Vehicle‐Related Air Toxics Study are first used to develop latent cancer fatality estimates per kilometer of travel in rural and urban areas forall diesel truck classes. These unit risk factors are based on studies investigating the carcinogenic nature of diesel exhaust. With the same methodology, the current per‐kilometer latent fatality risk factor used in transportation risk assessments for heavy diesel trucks in urban areas is revised and the analysis expanded to provide risk factors for rural areas and all diesel truck classes. These latter fatality estimates may include, but are not limited to, cancer fatalities and are based primarily on the most recent epidemiological data available on mortality rates associated with ambient air PM‐10 concentrations.

Suggested Citation

  • Bruce M. Biwer & James P. Butler, 1999. "Vehicle Emission Unit Risk Factors for Transportation Risk Assessments," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 19(6), pages 1157-1171, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:19:y:1999:i:6:p:1157-1171
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb01135.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James D. Wilson, 1997. "So Carcinogens Have Thresholds: How Do We Decide What Exposure Levels Should Be Considered Safe?," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(1), pages 1-3, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sven Hansson, 2007. "Social decisions about risk and risk-taking," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 29(4), pages 649-663, December.

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