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Leukemia Risk Associated with Benzene Exposure in the Pliofilm Cohort. II. Risk Estimates

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  • Mary B. Paxton
  • Vernon M. Chinchilli
  • Susan M. Brett
  • Joseph V. Rodricks

Abstract

The detailed work histories of the individual workers composing the Pliofilm cohort represent a unique resource for estimating the dose‐respoonse for leukemia that may follow occupational exposure to benzene. In this paper, we report the results of analyzing the updated Pliofilm cohort using the proportional hazards model, a more sophisticated technique that uses more of the available exposure data than the conditional logistic model used by Rinsky et al. The more rigorously defined exposure estimates derived by Paustenbach et al. are consistent with those of Crump and Allen in giving estimates of the slope of the leukemogenic dose‐response that are not as steep as the slope resulting from the exposure estimates of Rinsky et al. We consider estimates of 0.3‐0.5 additional leukemia deaths per thousand workers with 45 ppm‐years of cumulative benzene exposure to be the best estimates currently available of leukemia risk from occupational exposure to benzene. These risks were estimated in the proportional hazards model when the exposure estimates of Crump and Allen or of Paustenbach et al. were used to derive a cumulative concentration‐by‐time metric.

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  • Mary B. Paxton & Vernon M. Chinchilli & Susan M. Brett & Joseph V. Rodricks, 1994. "Leukemia Risk Associated with Benzene Exposure in the Pliofilm Cohort. II. Risk Estimates," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(2), pages 155-161, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:14:y:1994:i:2:p:155-161
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1994.tb00040.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mary C. White & Peter F. Infante & Kenneth C. Chu, 1982. "A Quantitative Estimate of Leukemia Mortality Associated with Occupational Exposure to Benzene," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(3), pages 195-204, September.
    2. Louis Anthony Cox, 1991. "Biological Basis of Chemical Carcinogenesis: Insights from Benzene," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(3), pages 453-464, September.
    3. Peter E. Voytek & Todd W. Thorslund, 1991. "Benzene Risk Assessment: Status of Quantifying the Leukemogenic Risk Associated with the Low‐Dose Inhalation of Benzene," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(3), pages 355-357, September.
    4. Robert C. Spear & Frédéric Y. Bois & Tracey Woodruff & David Auslander & Jennifer Parker & Steve Selvin, 1991. "Modeling Benzene Pharmacokinetics Across Three Sets of Animal Data: Parametric Sensitivity and Risk Implications," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), pages 641-654, December.
    5. Mary B. Paxton & Vernon M. Chinchilli & Susan M. Brett & Joseph V. Rodricks, 1994. "Leukemia Risk Associated with Benzene Exposure in the Pliofilm Cohort: I. Mortality Update and Exposure Distribution," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(2), pages 147-154, April.
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    1. Mary B. Paxton & Vernon M. Chinchilli & Susan M. Brett & Joseph V. Rodricks, 1994. "Leukemia Risk Associated with Benzene Exposure in the Pliofilm Cohort: I. Mortality Update and Exposure Distribution," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(2), pages 147-154, April.
    2. Andrew N. Patton & Misti Levy-Zamora & Mary Fox & Kirsten Koehler, 2021. "Benzene Exposure and Cancer Risk from Commercial Gasoline Station Fueling Events Using a Novel Self-Sampling Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    3. A. Robert Schnatter & Mark J. Nicolich & Michael G. Bird, 1996. "Determination of Leukemogenic Benzene Exposure Concentrations: Refined Analyses of the Pliofilm Cohort," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(6), pages 833-840, December.

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