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Modelling frost creep rates in an alpine environment

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  • Norikazu Matsuoka

Abstract

Field monitoring of soil movement and associated variables was undertaken on high mountain slopes in the Japanese Alps. Painted lines indicated high velocities of surface particles (100–101 cm a−1), mainly resulting from diurnal frost heave activity, and displayed large spatial variations in velocity, reflecting the sediment characteristics. Two mathematical models of frost creep rate are proposed. The first model demonstrates that the surface velocity is proportional to the number of frost heave cycles, the thickness of fine debris layer within the top 15 cm of sediment and the second power of the slope gradient. The second model includes a further variable, the silt and clay content of the fine layer. The field data indicate that both models provide reasonable results, the second model showing slightly higher predictability. These models are applicable to mountain slopes dominated by diurnal frost heaving, although modification is necessary where soil moisture regimes are significantly different from those in the Japanese Alps. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Les mouvements du sol et les variables qui les contrôlent ont été enregistrés sur des pentes de haute montagne dans les Alpes japonaises. Des lignes peintes ont montré les grandes vitesses de déplacement des particules de surface (100–101 cm a−1) principalement à la suite de l'activité du soulèvement du sol par le gel diurne et ont indiqué que les variations spatiales de vitesse qui sont très grandes, sont liées aux caractéristiques des sédiments. Deux modèles mathématiques de vitesse du soulèvement par le gel sont proposés. Le premier modèle démontre que la vitesse de surface est proportionnelle au nombre de cycles de soulèvement par le gel, à l'épaisseur de la couche de débris fins dans les 15 cm supérieurs de sédiments et à la seconde puissance de la valeur de la pente. Le deuxième modèle comprend une variable supplémentaire, à savoir le contenu en silt et en argile de la couche de débris fim. Les données de terrain montrent que les deux modèles donnent des résultats raisonnables, le second ayant un pouvoir de prédiction légèrement plus élevé. Ces modèles sont applicables aux pentes de montagne où dominent le soulèvement par le gel diurne et doivent être modifiés pour être appliqués où les régimes d'humidité du sol sont significativement différents de ceux des Alpes japonaises. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Norikazu Matsuoka, 1998. "Modelling frost creep rates in an alpine environment," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 9(4), pages 397-409, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:9:y:1998:i:4:p:397-409
    DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(199810/12)9:43.0.CO;2-Q
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