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Permafrost changes in the northern Tien Shan during the Holocene

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  • Sergei S. Marchenko
  • Aldar P. Gorbunov

Abstract

The evolution of permafrost within the northern Tien Shan during the Holocene is described. It is based on the interpretation of a temperature curve obtained from a deep borehole in the Zhusalykezen mountain pass (3336 m ASL), located in the Zailiysky Alatau Range. This curve indicates a zone where the temperature falls as the depth increases. Such an anomaly reflects past thermal conditions in the high mountains. At present, permafrost is absent on the southern slope where the borehole was drilled. Analysis of the temperature curve indicates that warming and cooling took place during the Holocene. Maximum warming occurred about 7000–10,000 years ago when the ground temperature rose by approximately 0.5–1.5 °C. Maximum cooling was recorded in the last millennium, the ground temperature being lower than today by 1.0–1.5 °C. These fluctuations are corroborated by relict permafrost and palaeocryogenic structures © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Une description de l'évolution du pergélisol dans le Tien Shan septentrional pendant l'Holocène est donnée dans le présent article. Elle est basée sur l'interprétation d'une courbe de température obtenue dans un sondage profond effectué dans le col Zhusalykezen à 3336 m d'altitude dans la montagne Zailiysky Alatau. Cette courbe comporte une zone où la température diminue alors que la profondeur augmente, anomalie qui témoigne de conditions thermiques anciennes. Actuellement, le pergélisol est absent sur la pente exposée au sud où le sondage a été réalisé. La courbe de température indique que le réchauffement et le refroidissement se sont produits pendant l'Holocène. Le réchauffement maximum a eu lieu il y a environ 7 à 10,000 ans quand la température du sol s'est élevée approximativement de 0,5 à 1,5 °C. Le refroidissement maximum a été enregistré dans le dernier millénaire à un moment où la température du sol était plus basse qu'aujourd'hui de l à 1,5 °C. Ces fluctuations sont confirmées par la présence d'ilots de pergélisol fossile et par des structures cryogéniques. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergei S. Marchenko & Aldar P. Gorbunov, 1997. "Permafrost changes in the northern Tien Shan during the Holocene," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 8(4), pages 427-435, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:8:y:1997:i:4:p:427-435
    DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1530(199710/12)8:43.0.CO;2-V
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