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The geochemical paradox of ice‐complex sediments in north Siberia

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  • V. N. Konishchev
  • I. R. Plakht

Abstract

Icy silty deposits in northern Siberia, here termed ‘ice‐complex sediments’ (ICS), have a higher salinization than other continental deposits of Neogene‐Pleistocene age. Data for salinity (%) and the ratio of Ca ion content to Cl ion content for samples from the Yana‐Indigirskaya and Kolymskaya lowlands indicate that the salinization of Pleistocene permafrost is lowest, that icy silts have salinities between 0.1% and 1.0%, and that recent floodplain, coastal and alas deposits have salinities greater than 1%. These differences are thought to reflect the phase change in gas‐liquid inclusions in crystals and rocks when they break and their contents (solutions) are released during freezing. This process is termed cryocryptogenesis. It is concluded that ICS deposits were formed under less humid and colder conditions than exist today in northern Yakutia, but more humid than central Yakutia. Des dépǒts limoneux avec de la glace, présents en Sibérie septentrionale, seront appelés ici complexe de sédiments et de glace (ICS). Ils ont une teneur en sels plus élevée que les autres dépǒts continentaux d'ǎge Néogène‐Pléistocène. Des données de salinité (%) et le rapport du contenu en ions Ca sur le contenu en ions Cl d'échantillons des basses terres des régions Yana‐Indigirka et Kolima indiquent que la salinisation du pergélisol pléistocène est plus faible, que les silts avec de la glace ont des salinités entre 0.1% et 1.0%, et que les dépǒts actuels des plaines d'inondation récentes, les dépǒts cǒtiers et les dépǒts d alas ont des salinités plus grandes que 1%. Ces différences résultent sans doute de changements de phase dans les inclusions formées de gaz et de liquides présentes dans les cristaux et les roches. Quand ces inclusions se brisent, leur contenu (solution) est libéré pendant le gel. Ce processus est appelé cryocryptogenèse. La conclusion de la présente étude est que ces dépǒts ICS se seraient formés sous des conditions moins humides et plus froides que celles qui existent aujourd'hui dans la Yakoutie septentrionale, mais plus humides que celles du centre de la Yakoutie.

Suggested Citation

  • V. N. Konishchev & I. R. Plakht, 1995. "The geochemical paradox of ice‐complex sediments in north Siberia," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 6(4), pages 337-343, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:6:y:1995:i:4:p:337-343
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430060405
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