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Sublimation as a geomorphic process: A review

Author

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  • Jane Law
  • Deanna Van Dijk

Abstract

Ice and snow sublimation is a naturally occurring process in which the solid ice changes state to become a vapour without passing through the usual liquid stage. The sublimation of blowing snow can be critical in areas which rely on melting snow as an important source of moisture. In blowing snow, the sublimation process is influenced by air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, net radiation and particle surface area. When pore ice sublimation occurs in an ice/sediment mixture, the process is complicated by the presence of the particles of sediment. The sublimation of frozen moisture from sediments has implications for dust production, for human safety in permafrost tunnels, and for the aeolian movement of sediments in cold environments. A limited number of studies have considered sublimation from frozen sediments and a very few of these have been done under field conditions. The variables of air temperature, relative humidity, sediment moisture content and wind speed influence the amount and rate of pore ice sublimation, but there is some disagreement as to the relative importance of these variables. La sublimation de la neige et de la glace est un processus naturel par lequel la glace change d'état et devient de la vapeur sans passer par l'état liquide. La sublimation de la neige soufflée peut ětre critique dans des régions où la fonte de la neige est une source importante d'humidité. Lorsque la neige est transportée par le vent, la sublimation est influenceée par la température de l'air, l'humidité relative, la vitesse du vent, la radiation nette et la surface des particules. Quand la sublimation de glace se produit dans un mélange de sédiments et de glace, le processus est compliqué par la présence de particules minérales. La sublimation qui se réalise dans des sédiments gelés a des implications dans la production de poussières, la sécurite dans des tunnels creusés dans le pergélisol et enfin en ce qui concerne le mouvement éolien des poussières dans les environnements froids. Des études en nombre limité ont considéré la sublimation des sédiments gelés et très peu d'entre elles, ont été realisées sur le terrain. S'il est admis par tous que la température de l'air, l'humidité relative, le contenu en eau du sédiment et la vitesse du vent influencent la vitesse de la sublimation de la glace de pore, il existe cependant des divergences quant à l'importance relative de ces variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Jane Law & Deanna Van Dijk, 1994. "Sublimation as a geomorphic process: A review," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(4), pages 237-249, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:5:y:1994:i:4:p:237-249
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430050404
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