Author
Listed:
- T. E. Osterkamp
- T. Zhang
- V. E. Romanovsky
Abstract
Observations of permafrost temperatures in shallow drill holes in northern Alaska near the Beaufort Sea coast show that these temperatures have cycled during the decade from 1983 to 1993. The two sites nearest the coast indicate a period of about 10 years and an amplitude at the permafrost surface of about 2°C. The two sites farthest from the coast have similar periods but reduced amplitudes of about 0.6°C. Changes in air temperatures, snowfall, length of sea ice season, solar effects, and other factors could, in principle, produce the observed temperature changes. Barrow air temperatures have a periodicity of 10.1 years but currently lead the sunspot cycle. Snowfall also shows evidence for a periodicity near 10 years. Near Prudhoe Bay, the length of the sea ice season increased about one week from 1979 to 1986 which could have caused a decrease in coastal air temperatures. The sunspot cycle (10–11 year period) leads temperatures at the 30 m depth by two to three years which is about the expected lead. During the descending part of the last solar cycle, satellite measurements of the solar total irradiance showed a decrease of about 3W m−2, which is about four times the calculated mean energy flux at the permafrost table (0.6 to 0.7 W m−2) required to produce the observed temperature changes. Les températures du pergélisol observées dans des sondages peu profonds de l'Alaska près de la cǒte de la mer de Beaufort montrent que ces températures ont subi des variations cycliques de 1983 à 1993. Les deux sites les plus proches de la còte indiquent une périodicite d'environ 10 ans et une amplitude à la surface du pergélisol d'environ 2°C. Les deux sites les plus éloignés de la cǒte montrent une périodicité semblable, avec cependant une amplitude réduite à environ 0.6°C. Des changements non seulement dans les températures de l'air, mais aussi dans les chutes de neige, la durée de la saison pendant laquelle la mer est couverte de glace, des effets solaires et d'autres facteurs pourraient, en principe, produire les modifications de températures observées. Les températures de l'air a Barrow ont une périodicité de 10.1 ans ce qui correspond au cycle des taches solaires. Les précipitations neigeuses montrent aussi une périodicité voisine de 10 ans. Près de Prudhoe Bay, la durée de la saison de couverture de la mer par la glace s'est accrue d'environ une semaine de 1979 à 1986 et cela peut avoir entraǐné une diminution des températures de l'air dans les régions cǒtières. Le cycle des taches solaires (période de 10 à 11 ans) contrǒle les températures à 30 m de profondeur avec un retard attendu de 2 à 3 années. Au cours de la partie descendante du dernier cycle solaire, des measures satellitaires de la radiation totale du soleil on montré une diminution d'environ 3 W m−2, ce qui correspond à environ 4 fois le flux moyen calculé d'énergie au sommet due pergélisol (0.6 à 0.7 W m−2) requis pour produire les changements de température observés.
Suggested Citation
T. E. Osterkamp & T. Zhang & V. E. Romanovsky, 1994.
"Evidence for a cyclic variation of permafrost temperatures in northern alaska,"
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(3), pages 137-144, August.
Handle:
RePEc:wly:perpro:v:5:y:1994:i:3:p:137-144
DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430050303
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