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Changes in the extent of permafrost during the late quaternary period in the territory of the former Soviet Union

Author

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  • Kalerija A. Kondratjeva
  • Stanislav F. Khrutzky
  • Nikolai N. Romanovsky

Abstract

The cryolithozone occupies a considerable part of the territory of the former Soviet Union. During the Zyriansk (50,000–60,000 years BP) and Sartansk (15,000–27,000 years BP) cold periods of the late Pleistocene, permafrost developed to its maximum thickness and spread as far south as 48–49°N on the Russian plain. In western Siberia and the European north‐east, relict Pleistocene permafrost is separated at depth from late Pleistocene permafrost by a thaw layer; in middle and eastern Siberia where no ice sheets developed, the permafrost is continuous and thick. During the late Glacial to early Holocene warming, the extent of the cryolithozone diminished and thermokarst processes intensified. Using geothermal data from deep boreholes, the approximate rock palaeotemperatures for the last 12,000 years are described for the Russian plain, western Siberia and eastern Siberia. La cryolithozone occupe une partie considérable du territoire de l'ancienne Union Soviétique. Pendant les périodes froides de Zyriansk (50–60.000 ans BP) et de Sartansk (15–27.000 ans BP), le pergélisol a atteint son épaisseur maximum et s'est étendu jusqu'à 48–49° de latitude nord dans la plaine de Russie. Dans la Sibérie occidentale et l'Europe du Nord‐Est, le pergélisol relique du Pléistocène, est séparé en profondeur, du pergélisol de la fin du Pléistocène, par une couche dégelée; en Sibérie centrale et orientale où ne se sont pas étendus de couvertures glaciaires, le pergélisol est continu et épais. Pendant le réchauffement tardiglaciaire et post‐glaciaire, l'etendue de la cryolithozone a diminué et les processus thermokarstiques se sont amplifiés. En utilisant les données recueillies à l'occasion de sondages profonds, les paléotempératures approximatives des roches au cours des 12.000 dernières années sont décrites pour la plaine russe, la Sibérie occidentale et la Sibérie orientale.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalerija A. Kondratjeva & Stanislav F. Khrutzky & Nikolai N. Romanovsky, 1993. "Changes in the extent of permafrost during the late quaternary period in the territory of the former Soviet Union," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 4(2), pages 113-119, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:4:y:1993:i:2:p:113-119
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430040204
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    Cited by:

    1. Ilmo T. Kukkonen & Elli Suhonen & Ekaterina Ezhova & Hanna Lappalainen & Victor Gennadinik & Olga Ponomareva & Andrey Gravis & Victoria Miles & Markku Kulmala & Vladimir Melnikov & Dmitry Drozdov, 2020. "Observations and modelling of ground temperature evolution in the discontinuous permafrost zone in Nadym, north‐west Siberia," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(2), pages 264-280, April.

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