Author
Listed:
- B. Hallet
- J. S. Walder
- C. W. Stubbs
Abstract
In a continuing effort to better understand the frost‐induced breakdown of rock, experiments were designed specifically to assess a theoretical model of crack propagation due to segregation ice growth in water‐saturated rocks with interconnected cracks (Walder and Hallet, 1985). A rectangular block of Berea Sandstone was frozen unidirectionally while the temperature and acoustic emissions, which reflect microfracture propagation events, were monitored. Acoustic emissions were counted and approximately located as a function of time and temperature while the rock sample was subjected to a fixed temperature gradient. The experimental results indicate considerable frost damage to sandstone due to ice growth in an open system with migration of water to freezing centres much as segregation ice grows in soils, as has been previously suggested. Freezing‐induced microfracture propagation events are not associated with the freezing temperature, which is about —0.2 ºC for Berea Sandstone; most of the fracture activity occurs at distinctly lower temperatures, between —3 ºC and —6 ºC, in accord with our theoretical predictions. Such microfracturing does not require freeze‐thaw cycling or even falling temperatures; temperatures were held constant but spatially nonuniform for the duration of most experiments. Through a series of experiments other aspects of the model are being tested and the influence of lithology is being examined. Diverse geomorphic implications of this model are discussed because it offers attractive alternative insights to those available with the conventional view of frost weathering. A plea is made to strive towards a more fundamental and unified view of frost weathering and related phenomena. Dans un effort continu pour mieux comprendre la gélifraction, des expériences ont été réalisées pour évaluer un modèle théorique de propagation des fissures où à la croissance de glace de ségrégation au sein de roches saturées en eau et contenant des fissures interconnectées (Walder et Hallet, 1983). Un bloc rectangulaire de Grès Berea a été gelé dans une direction unique tandis que la température et les émissions acoustiques traduisant les événements de propagation des microfissures étaient enregistrées. Les émissions acoustiques ont été comptées et approximativement localisées en fonction du temps et de la température pendant que l'echantillon de roche était soumis à un gradient fixe de température. Les résultats expérimentaux indiquent l'apparition de dommages importants dans des grés à la suite de la croissance de lentilles de glace resultant de la migration de l'eau vers des centres de gel. Ce phénoméne est fort semblable à la croissance de glace de ségrégation dans le sol, ainsi que cela a été précédemment suggéré. Les microfractures induites par le gel ne se produisent pas lorsque la temperature est pres de la temperature de gel, qui est environ −0.2 ºC dans le Grés Berea; la majoritt de l'activité des microfractures se produit à des températures nettement plus basses, entre 3 ºC et 6 ºC, soit tout a fait en accord avec nos prédictions théoriques. De telles microfracturations ne demandent pas des cycles de gel/degel, ni même un abaissement des temperatures car les températures ont ett gardks constants mais non‐uniformes pendant la duree de la plupart des expériences. Par une série d'autres expériences, nous examinons d'autres aspects du modble et specialement l'influence de la lithologie. Des implications géomorphologiques diverses de ce modele sont discutkes parce qu'elles offrent des alternatives attractives d'explication de la gélifraction. Un plaidoyer est donne en faveur d'une vue plus fondamentale et unifiee de la gelifraction et des phénombnés qui y sont associés.
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Cited by:
- Ferdinando Musso Piantelli & Marco Herwegh & Flavio S. Anselmetti & Marius Waldvogel & Ueli Gruner, 2020.
"Microfracture propagation in gneiss through frost wedging: insights from an experimental study,"
Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 100(2), pages 843-860, January.
- Li Wang & Hengfei Wang & Zhengchao Tian & Yili Lu & Weida Gao & Tusheng Ren, 2020.
"Structural Changes of Compacted Soil Layers in Northeast China due to Freezing-Thawing Processes,"
Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-13, February.
- Martyna E. Górska & Barbara Woronko & Tomasz M. Kossowski, 2023.
"Factors influencing the development of microtextures on cold‐climate aeolian quartz grains revealed by experimental frost action,"
Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(2), pages 259-283, April.
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