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Permafrost and ground ice conditions reported during recent geotechnical investigations in the Mayo district, Yukon territory

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  • C. R. Burn

Abstract

The Mayo District, Yukon Territory, lies in the widespread discontinuous permafrost zone. Permafrost thicknesses of up to 40 m have been measured in valleys, and of 135 m at higher elevations. Many observations of ground ice have been made by placer miners, but generally these are unrecorded. Recently, over 200 shallow geotechnical boreholes have been drilled in the area in association with municipal or highway construction. Ground ice is usually encountered at undisturbed sites within 4 m of the surface. In the main valleys at elevations below 1100 m a.s.l. coarse, clastic, outwash materials, sand dunes and slopes with southerly aspect are usually frost‐free. Stripping of vegetation for construction or placer mining leads to permafrost degradation, but permafrost can re‐establish as vegetation regenerates. Ground temperatures at Mayo and Keno Hill indicate a geothermal flux of over 0.1 W/m2. Le district Mayo, territoire du Yukon, se trouve dans la zone du pergélisol discontinu mais largement répandu. Des épaisseurs de pergélisol de plus de 40 m ont été observées dans des vallées et de 135 m aux plus hautes altitudes. De nombreuses observations de glace du sol ont été faites par des mineurs exploitant des placers mais ces observations n'ont généralement pas été enregistrées. R°Cemment plus de 200 sondages géotechniques peu profonds ont été realises dans la region en association avec des constructions municipales et des routes. De la glace du sol a été habituellement trouvée à moins de 4 m de la surface dans des sites non perturbés. Dans les vallées principals, à des altitudes inférieures à 1100 m a.s.l., les matériaux grossiers de désagrégation, de plaines de lavage glaciaire, de sables de dunes ainsi que les pentes exposées au sud sont habituellement libres de glace. L'enlèvement de la végétation pour réaliser des constructions ou exploiter des placers entraǐne généralement la dégradation du pergélisol, mais celui‐ci se rétablit lorsque la végétation se reconstitue. Les températures du sol à Mayo et à Keno Hill indiquent l'existence d'un flux géothermique supérieur à 0.1 W/m2.

Suggested Citation

  • C. R. Burn, 1991. "Permafrost and ground ice conditions reported during recent geotechnical investigations in the Mayo district, Yukon territory," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(3), pages 259-268, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:2:y:1991:i:3:p:259-268
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430020310
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