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Thermal gradients and rock weathering at low temperatures: Some simulation data

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  • Kevin Hall
  • Alida Hall

Abstract

The heating of rock by insolation during subzero air temperatures may cause thermal stresses within that rock. The values of Δt may be such that fracturing due to thermal shock may occur. The uneven heating of a rock body may cause buttressing of the heated faces such that thermal stresses are accentuated. Upon removal of the heat source, rapid cooling may occur and values of Δt may be sufficient to cause thermal shock. Replications of these thermal stresses may lead to fatigue and failure. The zone within which these stresses may occur is also one within which freeze‐thaw can take place if water is present. It is suggested that thermally induced fracturing of rock in cold environments may be a significant but underrated process. Thermal results of laboratory simulation experiments are presented during which values of Δt = >500ºC/h occurred for short periods. L'échauffement de roches par insolation pendant des périodes ò la température de l'air est inferieure à 0 °C peut causer des tensions dans les roches. Les valeurs de variations de température peuvent être telles que des fracturations des roches par choc thermique peuvent se produire. L'echauffement inégal d'une masse rocheuse peut provoquer des tensions des faces éhauffées qui accentuent les stress thermiques. Lorsque la source de chaleur disparait, un refroidissement rapide peut survenir et les variations de temperatures peuvent être suffisantes pour causer des chocs thermiques. Des répétitions de ces efforts peuvent conduire à une fatigue des roches et à leur rupture. La zone dans laquelle ces efforts surviennent est aussi celle dans laquelle les alternances gel‐dégel peuvent prendre place si de l'eau est présente. Il est suggéré que la fracturation des roches par fluctuations thermiques dans les régions froides peut être un processus significatif quoique sous‐estimé. Des résultats d'expériences simulant ces fluctuations thermiques sont présentées. Pendant ces expériences, les valeurs des fluctuations de la température ont été égales ou supérieures à 500ºC par heure pour de courtes périodes.

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin Hall & Alida Hall, 1991. "Thermal gradients and rock weathering at low temperatures: Some simulation data," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(2), pages 103-112, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:2:y:1991:i:2:p:103-112
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430020205
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    Cited by:

    1. Kyler B. Stanley & Lynn M. Resler & Lawrence W. Carstensen, 2023. "A Public Participation GIS for Geodiversity and Geosystem Services Mapping in a Mountain Environment: A Case from Grayson County, Virginia, U.S.A," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-23, April.
    2. J. Marquínez & R. Menéndez Duarte & P. Farias & M. JiméNez Sánchez, 2003. "Predictive GIS-Based Model of Rockfall Activity in Mountain Cliffs," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 30(3), pages 341-360, November.

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