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Temperature regime of a small sandstone tor, latitude 80 °N, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada

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  • Antoni G. Lewkowicz

Abstract

Near‐surface rock temperatures were recorded hourly for more than one year around a sandstone tor located on a ridge‐crest at an elevation of 270 m asl. There were significant differences between air and rock temperatures except during the polar night. The SSE‐ and WSW‐facing sides experienced large amplitude diurnal temperature cycles in the late‐winter and spring, and these crossed through 0 °C from mid‐April to May, well before air temperatures rose above freezing. Rock temperatures at a depth of 15 mm on the SSE‐face exceeded air temperature by up to 31 °C. During most of the summer, rock faces and air temperatures remained above 0 °C. Diurnal temperature cycles were smaller in amplitude in the autumn and few cycles through 0 °C were measured because of persistent cloud cover and the absence of a radiation‐reflecting snowpack. Modelling using a constant environmental lapse rate shows that although the timing and number of temperature cycles through 0 °C are influenced by altitude, the importance of rock‐face orientation on the relative numbers of cycles is independent of tor elevation. The average rate of micro‐weathering measured on several tors over four years was 0.012 mm a−1. No loss of larger clasts was observed at the monitored tor over 11 years suggesting that the combined rate of all types of weathering is low. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Tout autour d'un tor de grès localisé sur une crête étroite à une altitude de 270 m, la température de la roche près de la surface a été enregistrée toutes les heures pendant plus d'un an. Des différences significatives entre les températures de l'air et de la roche ont été observées sauf pendant la nuit polaire. Les faces SSE et WSW ont montré les plus grands cycles de température diurnes à la fin de l'hiver et au printemps et la température de 0°C a été franchie de la mi‐avril jusqu'en mai, bien avant que les températures de l'air ne s'élèvent au‐dessus du gel. Les températures de la roche à une profondeur de 15 mm sur la face SSE ont dépassé la température de l'air de plus de 31°C. Pendant la plus grande partie de l'été, les températures des faces rocheuses et de l'air sont restées au‐dessus de 0°C. L'amplitude des cycles diurnes de température a été plus petite en automne et peu de cycles franchissant 0°C ont été mesurés du fait de la couverture persistante de nuages et de l'absence de neige réfléchissant la radiation. Un modèle utilisant un espace de temps constant a montré que bien que le moment et le nombre de cycles de température franchissant 0°C soit influencé par l'altitude, l'importance de l'orientation de la face rocheuse sur le nombre de cycles relatifs est indépendant de l'altitude du tor. La vitesse moyenne de la micro‐altération mesurée sur plusieurs tors en quatre ans a été de 0.012 mm a−1. Aucun détachement de bloc pendant 11 ans n'a été observé sur le tor étudié, suggérant que la vitesse combinée de tous les types d'altération est faible. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoni G. Lewkowicz, 2001. "Temperature regime of a small sandstone tor, latitude 80 °N, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(4), pages 351-366, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:12:y:2001:i:4:p:351-366
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.396
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