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Rock Glaciers on Prins Karls Forland. II: GPR Soundings and the Development of Internal Structures

Author

Listed:
  • Ivar Berthling
  • Bernd Etzelmüller
  • Ketil Isaksen
  • Johan Ludvig Sollid

Abstract

Internal structures in four rock glaciers in the continuous permafrost zone on the island of Prins Karls Forland, western Svalbard (78°50′N,10°30′E), were studied utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR). A comparative study was performed on the Brøggerbreen rock glacier close to Ny‐Ålesund, about 50 km to the east. The bedrock interface was visible on some GPR profiles. Further, the length profiles revealed a system of reflectors that was comparable between the different rock glaciers. A layering structure parallel with the surface was visible in the upper part of the talus cones above the rock glaciers, while further down towards the rock glaciers these reflectors started to slant up against the surface slope. This inclination of the layers prevailed towards the fronts, although a more irregular pattern was discernible in the frontal part of some of the rock glaciers. The layering structure is probably formed by mass movements of higher magnitude, covering either snow patches or the active layer above supersaturated permafrost. We suggest that the structural development along the rock glaciers is caused by an accumulation gradient along the talus‐cone/rock‐glaciers system, causing differences in vertical velocity along a layer. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Les structures internes de quatre glaciers rocheux de la zone du pergélisol continu sur l'île du Prins Karls Forland, Svalbard occidental (78°50′N,10°30′E), ont été étudiées en utilisant un radar dont les ondes pénètrent le sol (GPR). Une étude comparative a été réalisée sur le glacier rocheux de Brøggerbreen, environ 50 km à l'est de Ny‐Ålesund. Le sommet du bedrock était visible sur quelques profils GPR. En outre, les profils longitudinaux ont montré un système de réflecteurs comparable dans les différents glaciers rocheux. Une structure en couches parallèles à la surface a été vue à la partie supérieure des cônes d'éboulis surmontant les glaciers rocheux, tandis que, plus bas, ces réflecteurs s'inclinent dans une direction opposée à la pente de surface. Cette inclinaison des couches domine vers les fronts, quoique une disposition plus irrégulière soit perceptible dans la partie frontale de quelques glaciers rocheux. Cette structure en couches résulte probablement de mouvements de masse de grande importance, recouvrant à la fois des plaques de neige ou de couche active situées au dessus du pergélisol supersaturé. Nous suggérons que le développement structural le long des glaciers rocheux est dû à une pente d'accumulation le long du système cône‐glacier rocheux déterminant des différences de vitesses verticales suivant une couche. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Ivar Berthling & Bernd Etzelmüller & Ketil Isaksen & Johan Ludvig Sollid, 2000. "Rock Glaciers on Prins Karls Forland. II: GPR Soundings and the Development of Internal Structures," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), pages 357-369, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:11:y:2000:i:4:p:357-369
    DOI: 10.1002/1099-1530(200012)11:43.0.CO;2-6
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