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Permafrost below the Timberline Confirmed and Characterized by Geoelectrical Resistivity Measurements, Bever Valley, Eastern Swiss Alps

Author

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  • Christof Kneisel
  • Christian Hauck
  • Daniel Vonder Mühll

Abstract

In the Bever Valley, Upper Engadine, eastern Swiss Alps, one‐dimensional DC resistivity soundings and two‐dimensional DC resistivity tomography were performed at a site where both GIS‐based modelling and measurements of the bottom temperature of the winter snow cover (BTS) suggest a potential permafrost occurrence at low altitude (1840 m ASL). The results of the geoelectric measurements indeed point to a permafrost occurrence below the timberline which consists of several thin permafrost lenses. In comparison with other Alpine permafrost sites the resistivities are fairly low which might be expected at a low altitude location with permafrost temperatures probably close to 0 °C. The active layer appears to be fairly thin which is surprising for a permafrost occurrence at mean annual air temperatures well above 0 °C. Here, the reduced radiation due to the topography as well as the organic layers are considered to play an important role in insulating the subsurface and controlling the ground thermal regime. The permafrost occurrence is assumed to be a result of the interaction of climatic conditions and topography as well as surface and subsurface factors. The application of resistivity measurements is shown to be a useful geophysical method as the organic layers provide good ground contact for the electrodes. Furthermore, the application of one‐dimensional DC resistivity soundings in combination with two‐dimensional DC resistivity tomography proves to be a useful tool for mapping and characterizing isolated permafrost occurrences on a small scale. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Dans la vallée de la Bevers en Haute Engadine, à l'est des Alpes suisses, des sondages par résistivité DC à une dimension et des tomographies par résistivité DC à deux dimensions ont été réalisées à faible altitude (1840∼m) en un endroit où, à la fois des modèles obtenus par SIG et des measures de température à la base de la couverture de neige (BTS), ont suggéré l'occurrence probable d'un pergélisol. Les résultats des mesures géoélectriques ont indiqué la présence de plusieurs lentilles fines de pergélisol alors que on se trouve sous la limite des arbres. En comparaison avec d'autres sites où existe un pergélisol, les résistivités sont basses, ce qui pouvait être attendu en cet endroit où les températures du pergélisol sont probablement proches de 0 °C. La couche active paraît mince, ce qui est surprenant en ces endroits où la température moyenne annuelle est bien supérieure à 0 °C. Une radiation thermique réduite, due à la topographie, ainsi que la présence de couches organiques, sont probablement les facteurs importants qui isolent la surface et contrôlent le régime thermique du sol. La présence du pergélisol en cet endroit résulte de l'interaction entre les conditions climatiques, la topographie et plusieurs autres facteurs de surface et de faible profondeur. Les mesures de résistivité ont été ici excellentes parce que les couches organiques fournissent de bons contacts pour les électrodes. L'utilisation simultanée des sondages par résistivité DC à une dimension en combinaison avec des tomographies DC en deux dimensions constitute un outil utile pour cartographier et caractériser de petits îlots isolés de pergélisol. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Christof Kneisel & Christian Hauck & Daniel Vonder Mühll, 2000. "Permafrost below the Timberline Confirmed and Characterized by Geoelectrical Resistivity Measurements, Bever Valley, Eastern Swiss Alps," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 11(4), pages 295-304, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:11:y:2000:i:4:p:295-304
    DOI: 10.1002/1099-1530(200012)11:43.0.CO;2-L
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