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Why Do Foundations Follow the Law? Evidence from Adoption of the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act

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  • Brian Galle

Abstract

Employing a large panel of over one million firm‐years, I find evidence consistent with widespread compliance with law among U.S. private foundations despite the absence of many formal deterrence mechanisms. The research design exploits rolling state adoption of the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act, which lifted some existing limits on firm spending for a fraction of firms within each state. This allows the use of triple‐difference estimates that control for changes in local norms and economic conditions. UPMIFA increases firm spending, on average, implying that firms were complying with the pre‐UPMIFA regime. Interacting the triple‐difference factors with other predictors of compliance reveals no correlation between compliance and enforcement intensity, but some evidence that compliance is correlated with firm culture and reliance on accountants. These findings have potentially important implications for the governance of charitable organizations, and may speak more generally to drivers of compliance among other organizational forms.

Suggested Citation

  • Brian Galle, 2017. "Why Do Foundations Follow the Law? Evidence from Adoption of the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(3), pages 532-556, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jpamgt:v:36:y:2017:i:3:p:532-556
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1002/pam.21987
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    Cited by:

    1. Duquette, Nicolas J., 2018. "Inequality and philanthropy: High-income giving in the United States 1917–2012," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 25-41.
    2. Axel Cronert, 2022. "When the paper tiger bites: Evidence of compliance with unenforced regulation among employers in Sweden," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(4), pages 1141-1159, October.
    3. Anne-Mie Reheul & Tom Van Caneghem, 2024. "To comply, or not to comply: the question is why," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 21-46, August.
    4. Cronert, Axel, 2019. "Is regulatory compliance by employers possible without enforcement? Evidence from the Swedish labor market," Working Paper Series 2019:23, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.

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