Author
Listed:
- Ingvild Hernar
- Johannes Haltbakk
- Anders Broström
Abstract
Aims and objectives To assess the prevalence of lipohypertrophy, and to compare differences in external, personal and regimen factors in adults with type 1 diabetes and different degrees of lipohypertrophy. Background Suboptimal insulin injection behaviour is associated with lipohypertrophy, which may affect insulin absorption and lead to blood glucose fluctuations. Few, if any studies have investigated how external, personal and regimen factors differ in people with type 1 diabetes and different degrees of lipohypertrophy. Design A cross‐sectional study including adults with type 1 diabetes at a diabetes outpatient clinic in a Norwegian university hospital. Methods Participants (n = 215) were included consecutively at scheduled appointments. Sociodemographic, diabetes and insulin treatment data, and self‐report questionnaires concerning patient activation (Patient Activation Measure), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire‐2), diabetes distress (Diabetes Distress Scale), type D personality (14‐item Type D scale), treatment satisfaction (Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire) and motivation (Treatment Self‐Regulation Questionnaire), were collected. Lipohypertrophic injection sites were identified by palpation by diabetes specialist nurses. Results Lipohypertrophy was present in 53% and was more frequent in insulin pen users (63%) compared to insulin pump users (34%). Participants with two or more lipohypertrophic areas had higher depression scores, lower treatment satisfaction with glycaemic control, higher bolus doses and reported suboptimal injection behaviour compared to those with no lipohypertrophic areas. There were no differences in patient activation, diabetes distress, type D personality or motivation between the groups. Discussion and conclusion Compared to pump treatment, pen treatment requires greater awareness of injection technique. Symptoms of depression and lower treatment satisfaction might affect diabetes self‐management and glycaemic control, but the association with lipohypertrophy needs further exploration. Relevance to clinical practice Lipohypertrophy is more frequent in insulin pen users compared to pump users. Nurses should focus on injection technique education, and should also consider screening for depressive symptoms and treatment satisfaction as these factors could be associated with development of lipohypertrophy.
Suggested Citation
Ingvild Hernar & Johannes Haltbakk & Anders Broström, 2017.
"Differences in depression, treatment satisfaction and injection behaviour in adults with type 1 diabetes and different degrees of lipohypertrophy,"
Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(23-24), pages 4583-4596, December.
Handle:
RePEc:wly:jocnur:v:26:y:2017:i:23-24:p:4583-4596
DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13801
Download full text from publisher
Corrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:jocnur:v:26:y:2017:i:23-24:p:4583-4596. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2702 .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through
the various RePEc services.