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Mixed Integer Programming Revealed Preference Tests of Utility Maximization and Weak Separability of Consumption, Leisure, and Money

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  • PER HJERTSTRAND
  • JAMES L. SWOFFORD
  • GERALD A. WHITNEY

Abstract

Swofford and Whitney (1987, 1988, 1994) investigated the validity of two key assumptions underlying representative agent models of macroeconomics. These assumptions are utility maximization and weak separability. Using mixed integer programming, we check revealed preference conditions for these assumptions. We find that M1, money defined by Friedman and Schwartz (1963), and a broad aggregate are weakly separable. We find that consumption goods and leisure and nondurables and services are weakly separable. We find that M2, M3, and MZM are not weakly separable. Finally, we find three categories of consumption, durables, nondurables and services, do not form an aggregate.

Suggested Citation

  • Per Hjertstrand & James L. Swofford & Gerald A. Whitney, 2016. "Mixed Integer Programming Revealed Preference Tests of Utility Maximization and Weak Separability of Consumption, Leisure, and Money," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 48(7), pages 1547-1561, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jmoncb:v:48:y:2016:i:7:p:1547-1561
    DOI: 10.1111/jmcb.12342
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    1. Cherchye, Laurens & Demuynck, Thomas & De Rock, Bram & Hjertstrand, Per, 2015. "Revealed preference tests for weak separability: An integer programming approach," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 186(1), pages 129-141.
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    6. Swofford, James L & Whitney, Gerald A, 1987. "Nonparametric Tests of Utility Maximization and Weak Separability for Consumption, Leisure and Money," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 69(3), pages 458-464, August.
    7. Deaton,Angus & Muellbauer,John, 1980. "Economics and Consumer Behavior," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521296762, September.
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    9. Swofford, James L & Whitney, Gerald A, 1986. "Flexible Functional Forms and the Utility Approach to the Demand for Money: A Nonparametric Analysis: A Note," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 18(3), pages 383-389, August.
    10. Swofford, James L. & Whitney, Gerald A., 1994. "A revealed preference test for weakly separable utility maximization with incomplete adjustment," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 60(1-2), pages 235-249.
    11. Varian, Hal R, 1982. "The Nonparametric Approach to Demand Analysis," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 945-973, July.
    12. Barnett, William A. & Chauvet, Marcelle, 2011. "How better monetary statistics could have signaled the financial crisis," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 161(1), pages 6-23, March.
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    1. Serletis, Apostolos & Xu, Libo, 2021. "Consumption, Leisure, And Money," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(6), pages 1412-1441, September.
    2. Smeulders, Bart & Crama, Yves & Spieksma, Frits C.R., 2019. "Revealed preference theory: An algorithmic outlook," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 272(3), pages 803-815.
    3. William A. Barnett & Neepa B. Gaekwad, 2018. "The Demand for Money for EMU: a Flexible Functional Form Approach," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 29(2), pages 353-371, April.
    4. Hjertstrand, Per & Swofford, James L. & Whitney, Gerald A., 2020. "Testing for Weak Separability and Utility Maximization with Incomplete Adjustment," Working Paper Series 1327, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, revised 30 May 2023.
    5. Libo Xu & Apostolos Serletis, 2022. "The Demand for Assets: Evidence from the Markov Switching Normalized Quadratic Model," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 54(4), pages 989-1025, June.
    6. Hjertstrand, Per & Swofford, James L. & Whitney, Gerald A., 2023. "Testing for Weak Separability and Utility Maximization with Incomplete Adjustment," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    7. Manami Ogura, 2024. "Testing the aggregation of goods and services without separability using panel data," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 67(4), pages 1581-1613, October.
    8. Anderson, Richard G. & Duca, John V. & Fleissig, Adrian R. & Jones, Barry E., 2019. "New monetary services (Divisia) indexes for the post-war U.S," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 3-17.
    9. Serletis, Apostolos & Xu, Libo, 2021. "The welfare cost of inflation," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    10. Hjertstrand, Per & Swofford, James L., 2019. "Revealed preference tests of indirect and homothetic weak separability of financial assets, consumption and leisure," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 108-114.
    11. Serletis, Apostolos & Xu, Libo, 2023. "Consumer preferences, the demand for Divisia money, and the welfare costs of inflation," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    12. Demuynck, Thomas & Hjertstrand, Per, 2019. "Samuelson's Approach to Revealed Preference Theory: Some Recent Advances," Working Paper Series 1274, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    13. Hjertstrand, Per & Swofford, James L. & Whitney, Gerald A., 2019. "Index Numbers and Revealed Preference Rankings," Working Paper Series 1308, Research Institute of Industrial Economics.
    14. Binner, Jane M. & Chaudhry, Sajid & Kelly, Logan & Swofford, James L., 2018. "“Risky” monetary aggregates for the UK and US," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 127-138.
    15. Adrian R. Fleissig & James L. Swofford, 2023. "Habit persistence in assets demand," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 89(3), pages 975-985, January.

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