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When Do Qualitative Risk Disclosures Backfire? The Effects of a Mismatch in Hedge Disclosure Formats on Investors' Judgments

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  • Yanan He
  • Hun‐Tong Tan
  • Feng Yeo
  • Jixun Zhang

Abstract

Disclosure standards mandate the quantitative disclosure of hedging‐instrument‐related risks but not the disclosure of hedged‐item‐related risks. We examine how a match (mismatch) in formats, caused by making quantitative (qualitative) hedged item disclosures alongside quantitative hedging instrument disclosures, affects investors' integration of information from these two related disclosures. Our first experiment varies the hedged item disclosure format (quantitative or qualitative) and the portion of risk hedged (small or large). We find that when disclosure formats are mismatched, the less comparable nature of the two disclosures caused investors to neglect the offsetting relationship when assessing net risks. As a result, risk and investment judgments were influenced by the more prominent quantitative hedging instrument disclosures. Our second experiment finds that the use of a qualitative debiaser that clarifies the relationship between the two disclosures led to the integration of information and mitigated this effect. Quand l'information qualitative sur les risques provoque‐t‐elle un retour de flamme? Les répercussions de l'incompatibilité de la présentation des données relatives aux opérations de couverture sur les jugements des investisseurs Les normes en matière d'information à fournir exigent la communication de données quantitatives sur les risques liés aux instruments de couverture mais non sur les risques liés aux éléments couverts. Les auteurs se demandent en quoi l'homogénéité (la divergence) de la forme des données fournies, découlant de la communication parallèle de données quantitatives (qualitatives) sur les éléments couverts et de données quantitatives sur les instruments de couverture, influe sur l'assimilation par les investisseurs de l'information livrée par ces deux formes connexes de données. Ils font d'abord varier, dans une première expérience, la forme des données (quantitatives ou qualitatives) relatives aux éléments couverts et la part du risque (modeste ou importante) couverte. Les auteurs constatent que, lorsque la forme des données est divergente, le fait que les données présentées soient moins comparables incite les investisseurs à ne pas tenir compte de la relation compensatoire de ces données dans l’évaluation des risques nets. Il s'ensuit que les jugements relatifs au risque et à l'investissement sont conditionnés par les données quantitatives prédominantes relatives aux instruments de couverture. La seconde expérience réalisée par les auteurs mène à la conclusion que l'utilisation d'un élément qualitatif « dépolarisant » qui clarifie la relation entre les deux formes de données favorise l'assimilation de l'information et atténue cet effet.

Suggested Citation

  • Yanan He & Hun‐Tong Tan & Feng Yeo & Jixun Zhang, 2019. "When Do Qualitative Risk Disclosures Backfire? The Effects of a Mismatch in Hedge Disclosure Formats on Investors' Judgments," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(4), pages 2093-2112, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:36:y:2019:i:4:p:2093-2112
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12518
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    Cited by:

    1. Eilifsen, Aasmund & Hamilton, Erin L. & Messier, William F., 2021. "The importance of quantifying uncertainty: Examining the effects of quantitative sensitivity analysis and audit materiality disclosures on investors’ judgments and decisions," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    2. Koonce, Lisa & Mongold, Cassie & Quaid, Laura & White, Brian J., 2024. "Experimental research on standard-setting issues in financial reporting," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).

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