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The local effects of the first Golden Age of Globalization: Evidence from American ports, 1870–1900

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  • Jeff Chan

Abstract

This paper uses digitized US trade flows data at the customs district level from 1870 to 1900 to investigate whether trade shocks had an effect on the size and composition of the population of US ports and on their economic activity. I find that trade increased the population of districts, driven principally by growth in urban populations, and that manufacturing activity also increased. However, these results dissipate rapidly with distance: counties adjacent to ports do not see similar gains from trade booms at nearby ports. My results imply that trade was a contributing factor in the structural transformation of America's economy. Les effets locaux du premier âge d'or de la mondialisation : l'exemple des ports américains, 1870‐1900. Cet article utilise des données numérisées sur les flux commerciaux américains aux districts douaniers de 1870 á 1900 pour déterminer si les chocs commerciaux ont eu un effet sur la taille et la composition de la population ainsi que sur l'activité économique des villes portuaires américaines. Je constate que le commerce a augmenté la population des districts, principalement en raison de la croissance des populations urbaines, et que l'activité manufacturière a également augmenté. Toutefois, ces résultats se dissipent rapidement avec la distance, car les comtés adjacents aux ports ne bénéficient pas des mêmes avantages liés á l'essor du commerce dans les ports voisins. Mes résultats indiquent que le commerce a contribué á la transformation structurelle de l'économie américaine.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeff Chan, 2025. "The local effects of the first Golden Age of Globalization: Evidence from American ports, 1870–1900," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 58(1), pages 329-355, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:58:y:2025:i:1:p:329-355
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12752
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