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On monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity: workers' rents also matter

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  • Pierre M. Picard
  • Eric Toulemonde

Abstract

In the Dixit‐Stiglitz model of monopolistic competition, entry of firms is socially too small. Other authors have shown that excess entry is also a possibility with other preferences for diversity. We show that workers' rents also contribute to explain excess entry through a general equilibrium mechanism. Larger wages indeed raises the aggregate earnings and firms sales and profits, which entices too many firms to enter. We discuss the possibility of over‐provision of varieties by comparing the equilibrium to unconstrained and constrained social optima and to other regulatory frameworks where wages are not controlled. D'après le modèle de concurrence monopolistique de Dixit et Stiglitz, le nombre de firmes présentes sur un marché est socialement trop faible. Plusieurs auteurs ont utilisé d'autres préférences pour montrer qu'il est aussi possible que la concurrence monopolistique mène à un nombre trop important de firmes. Nous utilisons un mécanisme d'équilibre général pour montrer que la présence d'un nombre excessif de firmes peut aussi être causé par la rente que les travailleurs syndiqués peuvent obtenir. Des salaires élevés accroissent les revenus de l'économie dans son ensemble, ce qui accroît les ventes des firmes et donc leurs profits. De la sorte, trop de firmes risquent d'entrer sur ce marché. Nous comparons l'équilibre décentraliséà un optimum social non contraint, à un optimum social contraint et à d'autres cadres de régulation où les salaires ne sont pas contrôlés.

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  • Pierre M. Picard & Eric Toulemonde, 2009. "On monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity: workers' rents also matter," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 1347-1360, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:42:y:2009:i:4:p:1347-1360
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2009.01553.x
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    1. Michael Spence, 1976. "Product Selection, Fixed Costs, and Monopolistic Competition," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 43(2), pages 217-235.
    2. Pierre M. Picard & Eric Toulemonde, 2009. "On monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity: workers' rents also matter," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 1347-1360, November.
    3. Dixit, Avinash K & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1977. "Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 67(3), pages 297-308, June.
    4. Matsumura, Toshihiro & Okamura, Makoto, 2006. "A note on the excess entry theorem in spatial markets," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 1071-1076, September.
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    1. Pierre M. Picard & Eric Toulemonde, 2009. "On monopolistic competition and optimal product diversity: workers' rents also matter," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 1347-1360, November.
    2. Amitrajeet Batabyal & Peter Nijkamp, 2014. "Innovation, Decentralization, and Planning in a Multi-Region Model of Schumpeterian Economic Growth," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 605-628, December.
    3. Wei-Bin Zhang, 2018. "An Integration of Solow’s Growth and Dixit-Stiglitz’s Monopolistic Competition Models," SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, University of Piraeus, vol. 68(4), pages 3-19, October-D.
    4. Wei-Bin Zhang, 2019. "Competition versus Monopolistic Competition by Integrating Solow-Uzawa and Dixit-Stiglitz," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 0(2), pages 390-400, December.
    5. Iwaisako, Tatsuro, 2019. "Welfare analysis of uniform entry tax in a general equilibrium model with heterogeneous industries," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 54-57.

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    JEL classification:

    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure

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