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Welfare, home market effects, and horizontal foreign direct investment

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  • Kristian Behrens
  • Pierre M. Picard

Abstract

. We investigate the spatial distribution and organization of an imperfectly competitive industry when firms may choose to operate more than a single production unit. Focusing on a short‐run setting with a fixed mass of firms, we first fully characterize the spatial equilibria analytically. Comparing the equilibrium and the first‐best, we secondly show that both organizational and spatial inefficiencies may arise. In particular, when fixed costs are low, when transport costs are high, and when products are close substitutes, the market outcome may well have to too many multinationals operating from a social point of view (‘over‐investment’). As a by‐product, under‐agglomeration of exporters in the larger market may arise. Dans cet article, nous étudions la distribution spatiale et la structure des firmes appartenant à un industrie imparfaitement concurrentielle et ayant la possibilité de produire à partir d'un ou plusieurs sites de production. Nous présentons premièrement une caractérisation analytique complète des équilibres de marchéà court terme et, comparant ensuite ces derniers à la solution de premier rang, nous démontrons la présence d'inefficacités organisationnelles et spatiales. En particulier, lorsque les coûts fixes de production sont faibles, lorsque les coûts de transport sont élevés et lorsque les biens sont peu différenciés, l'équilibre de marché est susceptible de générer un nombre trop important de multinationales (sur‐investissement) ainsi qu'un nombre trop faible d'exportateurs dans le plus grand marché (sous‐agglomération).

Suggested Citation

  • Kristian Behrens & Pierre M. Picard, 2007. "Welfare, home market effects, and horizontal foreign direct investment," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(4), pages 1118-1148, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:40:y:2007:i:4:p:1118-1148
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.00445.x
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    1. Kristian Behrens & Pierre M. Picard, 2007. "Welfare, home market effects, and horizontal foreign direct investment," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(4), pages 1118-1148, November.
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    1. Ronald B. Davies & Hartmut Egger & Peter Egger, 2010. "Profit taxation and the mode of foreign market entry," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(2), pages 704-727, May.
    2. Gokan, Toshitaka & Kichko, Sergey & Thisse, Jacques-François, 2019. "How do trade and communication costs shape the spatial organization of firms?," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    3. Hayakawa, Kazunobu & Tsubota, Kenmei, 2022. "The impact of highways on commodity prices: The price of butter in Japan," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    4. Hayato Kato, 2018. "Lobbying and tax competition in an oligopolistic industry: a reverse home-market effect," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 276-295, July.
    5. Fabio CERINA & MORITA Tadashi & YAMAMOTO Kazuhiro, 2015. "Trade Integration, Welfare, and Horizontal Multinationals: A three-country model," Discussion papers 15109, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    6. Kenmei Tsubota, "undated". "Location and organization choice of firms," KIER Working Papers 679, Kyoto University, Institute of Economic Research.
    7. Kristian Behrens & Pierre M. Picard, 2007. "Welfare, home market effects, and horizontal foreign direct investment," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(4), pages 1118-1148, November.
    8. Barbero, Javier & Behrens, Kristian & Zofío, José L., 2018. "Industry location and wages: The role of market size and accessibility in trading networks," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-24.
    9. Kato, Hayato, 2015. "Lobbying and Tax Competition in an Agglomeration Economy: A Reverse Home Market Effect," CCES Discussion Paper Series 56, Center for Research on Contemporary Economic Systems, Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University.
    10. Hisamitsu Saito, 2015. "Firm Heterogeneity, Multiplant Choice, And Agglomeration," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(4), pages 540-559, September.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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