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Skill differentiation and wage disparity in a decentralized matching model of North–South trade

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  • Hesham M. Abdel–Rahman
  • George Norman
  • Ping Wang

Abstract

In this paper we develop a North–South trade model in which the South produces food and the North produces both food and a high–tech good. Food production is undertaken by unskilled workers, while the high–tech product is made only by horizontally differentiated skilled workers. Owing to the possibility of a peer–group effect, we allow the unskilled workers in the North to be equally or more productive than in the South. Horizontal matching of skilled workers is generally imperfect and the skilled wages are determined by a symmetric Nash bargain. We characterize two different types of equilibrium: a closed–economy equilibrium without trade and a free trade equilibrium without labour mobility. We then extend the benchmark framework to consider the presence of transport costs. In all cases with trade, the equilibrium properties of goods pricing, the volume of trade as well as between–group and within–group wage inequality are examined. JEL Classification: F10, D51, D63, J31 Différentiation d’habiletés et disparité de salaires dans un modèle décentralisé de commerce nord–sud dans lequel les habiletés sont arrimées. Ce mémoire développe un modèle de commerce international nord–sud dans lequel le Sud produit de la nourriture et le Nord produit à la fois de la nourriture et un bien de haute technologie. La production de la nourriture nécessite seulement une main d’œuvre non–spécialisée, alors que la production du bien de haute technologie réclame seulement une main d’œuvre spécialisée et différentiée horizontalement. On assume que les travailleurs non–spécialisés dans le Nord sont aussi productifs ou plus productifs que ceux dans le Sud. Pour ce qui est des travailleurs spécialisés, l’arrimage horizontal est généralement imparfait et les salaires sont déterminés par une négociation symétrique à la Nash. On définit deux types d’équilibres : un équilibre en économie fermée sans commerce international, et un équilibre de libre échange sans mobilité des travailleurs. On étend alors le cadre de référence pour prendre en compte les coûts de transport. Dans tous les cas où il y a commerce international, on examine les propriétés en équilibre des prix des biens, du volume de commerce ainsi que de l’inégalité de salaires tant entre les groupes qu’à l’intérieur des groupes.

Suggested Citation

  • Hesham M. Abdel–Rahman & George Norman & Ping Wang, 2002. "Skill differentiation and wage disparity in a decentralized matching model of North–South trade," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(4), pages 854-878, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:35:y:2002:i:4:p:854-878
    DOI: 10.1111/1540-5982.00158
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    Cited by:

    1. Frédéric Gannon & Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touzé, 2016. "Aging, international capital flows and long run convergence," Working Papers hal-03475630, HAL.
    2. Hesham M. Abdel‐Rahman, 2005. "Skill distribution and income disparity in a North‐South trade model," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(4), pages 1298-1326, November.
    3. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6dhper3pho8nspmsluhrt4lcd8 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/6dhper3pho8nspmsluhrt4lcd8 is not listed on IDEAS

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • D51 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Exchange and Production Economies
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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