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Do Perceptions of Ballot Secrecy Influence Turnout? Results from a Field Experiment

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  • Alan S. Gerber
  • Gregory A. Huber
  • David Doherty
  • Conor M. Dowling
  • Seth J. Hill

Abstract

Although the secret ballot has been secured as a legal matter in the United States, formal secrecy protections are not equivalent to convincing citizens that they may vote privately and without fear of reprisal. We present survey evidence that those who have not previously voted are particularly likely to voice doubts about the secrecy of the voting process. We then report results from a field experiment where we mailed information about protections of ballot secrecy to registered voters prior to the 2010 general election. Consistent with our survey data, we find that these letters increased turnout for registered citizens without records of previous turnout, but they did not appear to influence the behavior of citizens who had previously voted. The increase in turnout of more than three percentage points (20%) for those without previous records of voting is notably larger than the effect of a standard get‐out‐the‐vote mailing for this group. Overall, these results suggest that although the secret ballot is a long‐standing institution in the United States, beliefs about this institution may not match the legal reality.

Suggested Citation

  • Alan S. Gerber & Gregory A. Huber & David Doherty & Conor M. Dowling & Seth J. Hill, 2013. "Do Perceptions of Ballot Secrecy Influence Turnout? Results from a Field Experiment," American Journal of Political Science, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 57(3), pages 537-551, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:amposc:v:57:y:2013:i:3:p:537-551
    DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12019
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    Cited by:

    1. Casas, Agustin, 2020. "The electoral benefits of unemployment, clientelism and distributive politics," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    2. Conor M Dowling & David Doherty & Seth J Hill & Alan S Gerber & Gregory A Huber, 2019. "The voting experience and beliefs about ballot secrecy," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, January.
    3. Alan S Gerber & Gregory A Huber & Albert H Fang & Catlan E Reardon, 2017. "The effect on turnout of campaign mobilization messages addressing ballot secrecy concerns: A replication experiment," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(8), pages 1-7, August.
    4. Enrico Cantoni & Vincent Pons, 2021. "Strict Id Laws Don’t Stop Voters: Evidence from a U.S. Nationwide Panel, 2008–2018," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 136(4), pages 2615-2660.
    5. Deniz Guvercin, 2019. "Going to the Polls or Feeding Children? An Empirical Investigation of Voter Turnout among Turkish Women with Children at Home," Bogazici Journal, Review of Social, Economic and Administrative Studies, Bogazici University, Department of Economics, vol. 33(1), pages 1-16.

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